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MEAUX

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Originally appearing in Volume V17, Page 950 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MEAUX , a See also:

town of See also:northern See also:France, See also:capital of an arrondisse= ment in the See also:department of See also:Seine-et-See also:Marne, and See also:chief town of the agricultural region of See also:Brie, 28 m. E.N.E. of See also:Paris by See also:rail. Pop. (Igoe), 11,989. The town proper stands on an See also:eminence on the right See also:bank of the Marne; on the See also:left bank lies the old suburb of Le See also:Marche, with which it is See also:united by a See also:bridge of the 16th See also:century. Two rows of picturesque See also:mills of the same See also:period are built across the See also:river. The See also:cathedral of St See also:Stephen See also:dates from the 12th to the x6th centuries, and was restored in the 19th century. Of the two western towers, the completed one is that to the See also:north of the See also:facade, the other being disfigured by an unsightly See also:slate roof. The See also:building, which is 275 ft. See also:long and 1o5 ft. high, consists of a See also:short See also:nave, with aisles, a See also:fine See also:transept, a See also:choir and a sanctury. The choir contains the statue and the See also:tomb of See also:Bossuet, See also:bishop from 1681 to 1704, and the See also:pulpit of the cathedral has been reconstructed with the panels of that from which the " See also:eagle of Meaux " used to preach. The transept terminates at each end in a fine portal surmounted by a See also:rose-window. The episcopal See also:palace (17th century) has several curious old rooms; the buildings of the choir school are likewise of some archaeological See also:interest.

A statue of See also:

General See also:Raoult (187o) stands in one of the squares. Meaux is the centre of a considerable See also:trade in cereals, See also:wool, Brie cheeses, and other See also:farm-produce, while its mills provide much of the See also:flour with which Paris is supplied. Other See also:industries are saw-milling, See also:metal-See also:founding, distilling, the preparation of See also:vermicelli and preserved vegetables, and the manufacture of See also:mustard, See also:hosiery, See also:plaster and machinery. There are nursery-gardens in the vicinity. The See also:Canal de 1'Ourcq, which surrounds the town, and the Marne furnish the means of transport. Meaux is the seat of a bishopric dating from the 4th century, and has among its public institutions a sub-prefecture, and tribunals of first instance and of See also:commerce. In the See also:Roman period Meaux was the capital of the Meldi, a small Gallic tribe, and in the See also:middle ages of the Brie. It formed See also:part of the See also:kingdom of See also:Austrasia, and afterwards belonged to the See also:counts of See also:Vermandois and See also:Champagne, the latter of whom established important markets on the left bank of the Marne. Its communal See also:charter, received from them, is dated 1179. A treaty signed at Meaux in 1229 after the Albigensian See also:War sealed the submission of See also:Raymond VII., See also:count of See also:Toulouse. The town suffered much during the See also:Jacquerie, the peasants receiving a severe check there in 1358; during the See also:Hundred Years' War; and also during the Religious See also:Wars, in which it was an important See also:Protestant centre. It was the first town which opened its See also:gates to See also:Henry IV. in 1594.

On the high-road for invaders marching on Paris from the See also:

east of France, Meaux saw its environs ravaged by the See also:army of See also:Lorraine in 1652, and was laid under heavy requisitions in 1814, 1815 and 187o. In See also:September 1567 Meaux was the See also:scene of an See also:attempt made by the Protestants to seize the See also:French See also:king See also:Charles IX., and his See also:mother See also:Catherine de' See also:Medici. The See also:plot, which is sometimes called the " enterprise of Meaux," failed, the king and See also:queen with their courtiers escaping to Paris. This conduct, however, on the part of the See also:Huguenots had doubtless some See also:share in influencing Charles to assent to the See also:massacre of St See also:Bartholomew.

End of Article: MEAUX

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