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PEEBLES

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Originally appearing in Volume V21, Page 38 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PEEBLES , a royal and See also:

police See also:burgh and See also:county See also:town of See also:Peeblesshire, See also:Scotland, situated at the junction of Eddleston See also:Water with the See also:Tweed. Pop. (19o1), 5266. It is 27 M. See also:south of See also:Edinburgh by the See also:North See also:British Railway (22 M. by road), and is also the See also:terminus of a See also:branch See also:line of the Caledonian See also:system from Carstairs in See also:Lanarkshire. The burgh consists of the See also:newtown, the See also:principal See also:quarter, on the south of the Eddleston, and the old on the north; the Tweed is crossed by a handsome five-arched See also:bridge. Peebles is a noted haunt of anglers, and the Royal See also:Company of Archers shoot here periodically for the See also:silver arrow given by the burgh. The See also:chief public buildings are the town and county halls, the See also:corn See also:exchange, the See also:hospital and See also:Chambers Institution. The last was once the town See also:house of the earls of See also:March, but was presented to Peebles byWilliam Chambers, the publisher, in 1859. The site of the See also:castle, which stood till the beginning of the 18th See also:century, is now occupied by the See also:parish See also:church, built in 1887. Of St See also:Andrew's Church, founded in 1195, nothing remains but the See also:tower, restored by See also:William Chambers, who was buried beside it in 1883. The church of the See also:Holy See also:Rood was erected by See also:Alexander III. in 1261, to contain a supposed remnant of the true See also:cross discovered here. The See also:building remained till 1784, when it was nearly demolished to provide stones for a new parish church.

Portions of the town walls still exist, and there are also vaulted cellars constructed in the 16th and 17th centuries as hiding-places against Border freebooters. The old cross, which had stood for several years in the quadrangle of Chambers Institution, was restored and erected in High See also:

Street in 1895. The See also:industries consist of the manufactures of woollens and tweeds, and of See also:meal and See also:flour See also:mills. The town is also an important agricultural centre. The name of Peebles is said to be derived from the pebylls, or tents, which the Gadeni pitched here in the days of the See also:Romans. The See also:place was See also:early a favourite See also:residence of the Scots See also:kings when they came to See also:hunt in See also:Ettrick See also:forest. It probably received its See also:charter from Alexander III., was created a royal burgh in 1367 and was the See also:scene of the poem of Peblis to the See also:Play, ascribed to See also:James I. In 1544 the town sustained heavy damage in the expedition led by the 1st See also:earl of See also:Hertford, afterwards the See also:protector See also:Somerset, and in 1604 a large portion of it was destroyed by See also:fire. Though James VI. extended its charter, Peebles lost its importance after the See also:union of the Crowns. On the north See also:bank of the Tweed, one mile See also:west of Peebles, stands Neidpath Castle. The See also:ancient See also:peel tower See also:dates probably from the 13th century. Its first owners were See also:Tweeddale Frasers or Frisels, from whom it passed, by See also:marriage, to the Hays of Yester in See also:Haddingtonshire, earls of Tweeddale.

It was besieged and taken by See also:

Cromwell in 165o. The third earl of Tweeddale (1645–1713) sold it to the See also:duke of See also:Queensberry in 1686. The earl of Wemvss succeeded to the Neidpath See also:property in 18ro.

End of Article: PEEBLES

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