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SAMARIA , an See also:ancient See also:city of See also:Palestine. The name Samaria is derived through the Gr. Zaia6peia from the See also:Hebrew 0-0,, " an outlook See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
hill," or rather from the Aramaic See also:form 170, whence. also comes the See also:Assyrian form Samirina. According to r See also:Kings xvi. 24, See also:Omri, See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Israel, bought Samaria from a
certain Shemer (whose name is said to be the origin of that of the city), and transferred thither his See also:capital from Tirzah. But the city, as a superficial inspection of the site shows, must have existed as a See also:settlement See also:long before Omri, as potsherds of earlier date See also:lie scattered on the See also:surface. The city was occupied by See also:Ahab, who here built a See also:temple to " See also:Baal " (r Kings xvi. 32) and a See also:palace of See also:ivory (r Kings xxii. 39). It sustained frequent sieges during the troubled See also:history of the Israelite See also:kingdom. See also:Ben-See also:Hadad II. of See also:Syria assaulted it in the reign of Ahab, but was repulsed and obliged to allow the Israelite traders to establish a See also:quarter in See also:Damascus, as his predecessor Ben-Hadad I. had done in Samaria (f Kings xx. 34). Ben-Hadad II. in the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of Jehoahaz again besieged Samaria, and caused a See also:famine in the city; but some panic led them to raise the See also:siege (2 Kings vi., vii.). The history of the city for the following 120 years is that of Israel ( see See also:JEws).
In 727 died Tiglath-Pileser, to whom the small kingdoms of W. See also:Asia had been in vassalage; in the See also:case of Israel at least since See also:Menahem (2 Kings xv. 19). He was succeeded by See also:Shalmaneser IV., and the king of Israel, with the See also:rest, attempted to revolt. Shalmaneser accordingly invaded Syria, and in 724 began a three-years' siege of Samaria (2 Kings xvii. 5). He died before it was completed, but it was finished by See also:Sargon, who reduced the city, deported its inhabitants, and established within it a mixed multitude of settlers (who were the ancestors of the See also:modern See also:Samaritans). These See also:people themselves seem. to have joined a revolt against the Assyrians, which was soon quelled. The next event we hear of in the history of the city is its See also:conquest by See also:Alexander the See also:Great (331 B.C.), and later by See also:Ptolemy Lagi and See also:Demetrius Poliorcetes. It quickly recovered from these injuries: when See also:John See also:Hyrcanus besieged it in 120 B.C. it was " a very strong city " which offered a vigorous resistance (Jos. See also:- ANT
- ANT (O. Eng. aemete, from Teutonic a, privative, and maitan, cut or bite off, i.e. " the biter off "; aemete in Middle English became differentiated in dialect use to (mete, then amte, and so ant, and also to emete, whence the synonym " emmet," now only u
Ant. xiii. X. 2). It was rebuilt by See also:Pompey, and restored by Aulus See also:Gabinius: but it was to See also:Herod that it owed much of its later See also:glory. He built a great temple, a See also:hippodrome and a See also:street of columns surrounding the city, the remains of which still See also:arrest the See also:attention. It was renamed by him Sebaste, in See also:honour of See also:Augustus: this name still survives in the modern name Sebusteh.' See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip here preached the See also:gospel (Acts viii. 5). The rise of Neapolis (See also:Shechem) in the neighbourhood caused the decay of Sebaste. It was quite small by the time of See also:Eusebius. The crusaders did some-thing to develop it by establishing a bishopric with a large See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church, which still exists (as a See also:mosque) ; here were shown the tombs of See also:Elisha, See also:Obadiah and St John the Baptist. From this time onward the See also:village dwindled to the poor dirty See also:place it is to-See also:day.
The site of Samaria is an enormous See also:mound of See also:accumulation, one of the largest in Palestine. In some places it is estimated the debris is at least 4o ft. deep. The crusaders' church remains almost intact, and numerous fragments of carved See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone are built into the village houses, beneath which in some places are some interesting tombs. The hippodrome remains in the valley below, and the columns of the street of columns are in very See also:good See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order. The walls can be traced almost all See also:round the See also:town: at the end of the mound opposite the modern village are the dilapidated ruins of a large See also:gate. The site stands in the very centre of Palestine, and, built on a steep and almost isolated hill, with a long and spacious See also:plateau for its See also:summit, is naturally a position of much strength, commanding two of the most important roads—the great N. and S. road which passes immediately under the E. See also:wall, and the road from Shechem to the maritime See also:plain which runs a little to the W. of the city. The hill of Samaria is separated from the surrounding mountains (See also:Amos iii. 9) by a See also:rich and well-watered plain, from which it rises in successive terraces of fertile See also:soil to a height of 400 or 50o ft. Only on the E. a narrow See also:saddle, some 200 ft. beneath the plateau, runs across the plain towards the mountains; it is at this point that the traveller coming from Shechem now ascends the hill to the village of Sebusteh, which occupies only the extreme E. of a See also:terrace beneath the hill-to,behind the crusaders' church, which is the first thing that attracts the See also:eye as one approaches the town. The hill-See also:top, the longer See also:axis of which runs W. from the village, rises 145o ft. above the See also:sea, and commands a superb view towards the Mediterranean, the mountains of Shechem and See also:Mount See also:Hermon. Excavations under the auspices of Harvard University began here in 19o8. (R. A. S. M.)
i Accentuated on the second syllable.
End of Article: SAMARIA
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