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ZOBEIR RAHAMA (183o- ) , See also:Egyptian See also:pasha and Sudanese See also:governor, came of the Gemaab See also:section of the Jaalin, and was a member of a See also:family which claims descent from the Koreish tribe through Abbas, See also:uncle of See also:Mahomet. He became prominent as the most energetic and intelligent of the .Arab See also:ivory and slave traders who about 186o errtablishsal themselves
on the See also:- WHITE
- WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
- WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
- WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
- WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
- WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
- WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
- WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
- WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
- WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
- WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
- WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)
White See also:Nile and in the See also:Bahr-el-Ghazal. Nominally a subject of See also:Egypt, he raised an See also:army of several thousand well-armed blacks and became a dangerous See also:rival to the Egyptian authorities. At the height of his See also:power Zobeir was visited (1871) by Georg See also:Schweinfurth, who found him " surrounded with a See also:court which was little less than princely in its details" (See also:Heart of See also:Africa, vol. ii., See also:chap. xv.). In 1869 an expedition sent from See also:Khartum into the Bahr-el-Ghazal was attacked by Zobeir and completely defeated, its See also:commander being slain. Zobeir represented that he was blameless in this See also:matter, received a " See also:pardon," and was himself appointed governor of the Bahrel-Ghazal, where he was practically See also:independent. In 1873 he attacked the See also:sultan of See also:Darfur, and the See also:khedive See also:Ismail gave him the See also:rank of See also:bey and sent troops to co-operate. After he had conquered Darfur (1874), Zobeir was made a pasha, but he claimed the more substantial See also:reward of being made governor-See also:general of the new See also:province, and went to See also:Cairo in the See also:spring of 1876 to See also:press his See also:title. He was now in the power of the Egyptian authorities, who prevented his return, though he was allowed to go to See also:Constantinople at the outbreak of the Russo-See also:Turkish See also:War. In 1878, however, his son See also:Suleiman, having got See also:possession of the Bahr-el-Ghazal, and acting on instructions from his See also:father, defied the authority of General See also:Gordon, the new governor-general of the See also:Sudan. Gordon sent Romolo Gessi against Suleiman, who was subdued after an arduous See also:campaign and executed. During the campaign Zobeir offered, if he were allowed to return to the Sudan, to restore See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order and to pay a See also:revenue of £25,000 a See also:year to the khedive. Gordon declined this help, and subsequently, for his instigation of the revolt, Zobeir was condemned to See also:death, but the trial was a See also:farce, the See also:sentence was remitted, and he remained at Cairo, now in high favour with the khedival court. In See also:March 1884, Gordon, who had been sent to Khartum to effect, if possible, the See also:relief of the Egyptian garrisons in the Sudan, astonished See also:Europe by requesting that Zobeir, whose son he had overthrown and whose See also:trade he had ruined, should be sent to Khartum as his successor.' Zobeir, described by See also:Sir Reginald See also:Wingate, who knew him well, as " a quiet, far-seeing, thoughtful See also:man of See also:iron will—a See also:born ruler of men " (Mandiism and the Egyptian Sudan, See also:book v.), might have been able to See also:stem the mandist See also:movement. But to re-instate the notorious slave-dealer was regarded in See also:London as too perilous an expedient, even in the extreme circumstances then existing, although See also:Colonel See also:- STEWART, ALEXANDER TURNEY (1803-1876)
- STEWART, BALFOUR (1828-1887)
- STEWART, CHARLES (1778–1869)
- STEWART, DUGALD (1753-1828)
- STEWART, J
- STEWART, JOHN (1749—1822)
- STEWART, JULIUS L
- STEWART, SIR DONALD MARTIN (1824–19o0)
- STEWART, SIR HERBERT (1843—1885)
- STEWART, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1540—c. 1605)
- STEWART, STUART
- STEWART, WILLIAM (c. 1480-c. 1550)
Stewart (Gordon's See also:companion in Khartum), Sir See also:Evelyn See also:Baring and Nubar Pasha in Cairo, and See also:Queen See also:Victoria and Mr See also:Gladstone, all favoured such a course. In March 1885 Zobeir was arrested in Cairo by order of the See also:British See also:government for treasonable See also:correspondence with the See also:mandi and other enemies of Egypt, and was interned at See also:Gibraltar, In See also:August 1887 he was allowed to return to Cairo, and after the reconquest of the Sudan was permitted (1899) to See also:settle in his native See also:country. He established himself on his estates at Geili, some 30 M. N. of Khartum.
See GORDON, See also:CHARLES See also:GEORGE, and the authorities there cited.
End of Article: ZOBEIR RAHAMA (183o- )
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