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See also:ARLES, See also:KINGDOM OF , the name given to the kingdom formed about 933 by the See also:union of the old kingdoms of See also:Provence (q.v) or Cisjurane See also:Burgundy, and Burgundy (q.v.) Transjurane, and bequeathed in 1032 by its last See also:sovereign, See also:Rudolph III., to the See also:emperor See also:Conrad IL It comprised the countship of Burgundy (Franche-See also:Comte), See also:part of which is now See also:Switzerland (the dioceses of See also:Geneva, See also:Lausanne, See also:Sion and part of that of See also:Basel), the Lyonnais, and the whole of the territory bounded by the See also:Alps. the Mediterranean and the See also:Rhone; on the right See also:bank of the Rhone it further included the Vivarais. It is only after the end of the 12th See also:century that the name " kingdom of Arles" is applied to this See also:district; formerly it was known generally as the kingdom of Burgundy, but under the See also:Empire the name of Burgundy came to be limited more and more to the countship of Burgundy, and the districts lying beyond the See also:Jura. The authority of Rudolph III. over the See also:chief lords of the See also:land, the See also:count of Burgundy and the count of Maurienne, founder of the See also:house of. See also:Savoy, was already merely nominal, and the Franconian emperors (1039-1125), whose visits to the See also:country were rare and of See also:short duration. did not establish their See also:power any more firmly. During the first fifty years of their domination they could rely on the support of the ecclesiastical feudatories, who generally favoured their cause, but the See also:investiture struggle, in which the prelates of the kingdom of Arles mostly sided with the See also:pope, deprived the Germanic sovereigns even of this support. The emperors, on the other See also:hand, realized See also:early that their See also:absence from the country was a See also:grave source of. weakness; in 1043 See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry III. conferred on Rudolph, count of Rheinfelden (afterwards See also:duke of See also:Swabia), the See also:title of See also:dux et See also:rector Burgundiae, giving him authority over the barons of the See also:northern part of the kingdom of Arles. Towards the See also:middle of the 12th century See also:Lothair II. revived this See also:system. conferring the rectorate on Conrad of See also:Zahringen, in whose See also:family it remained hereditary up to the See also:death of the last representative of the house, Berthold V., in 1218; and it was the lords of Zahringen who were foremost in defending the cause of the Empire against its chief adversaries, the See also:counts of Burgundy. In the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of the Swabian emperors, the Germanic See also:sovereignty in the kingdom of Arles was again, during almost the whole See also:period,
merely nominal, and it was only in consequence of fortuitous circumstances that certain of the heads of the Empire were able to exercise a real authority in these parts. See also:Frederick I., by his See also:marriage with Beatrix (1156), had become uncontested See also:master of the countship of Burgundy; Frederick II., who was more powerful in See also:Italy than his predecessors had been, and was extending his activities into the countries of the See also:Levant, found Provence more accessible to his See also:influence, thanks to the commercial relations existing between the See also:great cities of this country and Italy and the See also:East. Moreover, the heretics and enemies of the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church, who were numerous in the See also:south, upheld the emperor in his struggle against the pope. Henry VII. also, thanks to his See also:good relations with the princes of Savoy, succeeded in exercising a certain influence over a part of the kingdom of See also:Aries. The emperors further tried to make their power more effective by delegating it, first to a See also:viceroy, See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William of Baux, See also:prince of See also:Orange (1215), then to an imperial See also:vicar, William of See also:Montferrat (1220), who was succeeded by Henry of Revello and William of Manupeilo. In spite of this, the See also:history of the kingdom of Arles in the 13th century, and still more in the 14th, is distinguished particularly by the decline of the imperial authority and the progress of See also:French influence in the country. In 1246 the marriage of See also:Charles, the See also:brother of See also:Saint See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis, with See also:Beatrice, the heiress to the countship of Provence, caused Provence to pass into the hands of the house of See also:Anjou, and many plans were made to win the whole of the kingdom for a prince of this house. At the beginning of the 14th century the bishops of See also:Lyons and Viviers recognized the See also:suzerainty of the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:France, and in 1343 See also:Humbert II., dauphin of Viennois, made a compact with the French king See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip VI. that on his death his See also:inheritance should pass to a son or a See also:grandson of the French king. Humbert, who was perhaps the most powerful See also:noble in Arles, was induced to take this step as he had just lost his only son, and Philip had already See also:cast covetous eyes on his lands. Then in 1349, being in want of See also:money, he agreed to sell his possessions outright, and thus Viennois, or See also:Dauphine, passed into the hands of Philip's See also:grand-son, afterwards King Charles V. The emperor Charles IV. took an active part in the affairs of the kingdom, but without any consistent policy, and in 1378 he, in turn, ceded the imperial vicariate of the kingdom to the dauphin, afterwards King Charles VI. This date may be taken as marking the end of the history of the kingdom of Arles. considered as an See also:independent territorial See also:area.
See the monumental See also:work of P. See also:Fournier, Le Royaume d'Arles et de See also:Vienne (See also:Paris, 189o) ; See also:Leroux, Recherches critiques sur See also:les relations
rlitiques de la France avec l'Allemagne d e l 292 d 1378 (Paris, 1882). For the early history of the kingdom, L. See also:Jacob, Le Royaume de Bourgogne sous les empereurs franconiens (1038-1129), (Paris, 1906). The question of the nature and extent of the rights of the Empire over the kingdom of Arles has given rise, ever since the 16th century, to numerous juridical polemics; the chief See also:dissertations published on this subject are indicated in A. Leroux, Bibliographic See also:des conflits entre la France et ''Empire (Paris, 1902). (R.
End of Article: ARLES, KINGDOM OF
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