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DARTFORD

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 837 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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DARTFORD , a See also:

market See also:town in the Dartford See also:parliamentary See also:division of See also:Kent, See also:England, on the Darent, 17 M. E.S.E. of See also:London by the See also:South-Eastern & See also:Chatham railway. Pop. ofurban See also:district (1891), 11,962 ; (1901) 18,644. The town lies See also:low, flanked by two chalky eminences, called See also:East and See also:West Hills. It possesses a town See also:hall, a See also:grammar school (1576), and a See also:Martyr's Memorial Hall: The most noteworthy See also:building, however, is the See also:parish See also:church, restored in 1863, which contains a curious old See also:fresco and several interesting See also:brasses, and has a See also:Norman See also:tower. The prosperity of the town depends on the important See also:works in its vicinity, including See also:powder works, See also:paper See also:mills, and See also:engineering, See also:iron, chemical and See also:cement works. One of the first attempts at the manufacture of paper in England was made here by See also:Sir See also:John Spielman (d. 1607), jeweller to See also:Queen See also:Elizabeth. Dartford was the See also:scene, in 1235, of the See also:marriage, celebrated by See also:proxy, between See also:Isabella, See also:sister of See also:Henry III., and the See also:Emperor See also:Frederick II. ; and in 1331 a famous See also:tournament was held in the See also:place by See also:Edward III. The same monarch established an Augustinian nunnery on West See also:Hill in 1355, of which, however, few remains exist. After the See also:Dissolution it was used as a private See also:residence by Henry VIII., See also:Anne of See also:Cleves and Elizabeth.

The See also:

chantry of St See also:Edmund the Martyr which stood on the opposite See also:side of the town was a See also:part of Edward III.'s endowment to the priory, and became so famous as a place of See also:pilgrimage, especially for those on their way to See also:Canterbury, that the part of Watling See also:Street which crossed there towards London was sometimes called " St Edmund's Way." It was here also that Wat See also:Tyler's insurrection began in 1377, and the See also:house in which he resided is shown. On Dartford See also:Heath is a lunatic See also:asylum of the London See also:County See also:Council, and, at See also:Long Reach, the infectious diseases See also:hospital of the See also:Metropolitan Asylums See also:Board. See also:Stone church, 2 M. E. of Dartford, mainly See also:late See also:Early See also:English (1251-1274), and carefully restored by G. E. Street in 186o, is remarkable ; the richness of the See also:work within increases from west to east, culminating in a See also:choir See also:arcade decorated with work among the finest of its See also:period extant; the period is that of the choir of See also:Westminster See also:Abbey, and from a comparison of building materials, choir arcades and See also:sculpture of foliage, a See also:common architect has been suggested. Greenhithe, on the See also:banks of the See also:Thames, has large See also:chalk quarries in its neighbourhood, from which See also:lime and cement are manufactured.

End of Article: DARTFORD

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