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See also:GOLITSUIN, BORIS ALEKSYEEVICH (1654–1714) , See also:Russian statesman, came of 'a princely See also:family, claiming descent from See also:Prince Gedimin of Lithuania. Earlier members of the family were Mikhail (d. c. 15J2), a famous soldier, and his See also:great-See also:grandson Vasily Vasilevich (d. 1619), who was sent as See also:ambassador to See also:Poland to offer the Russian See also:crown to Prince See also:Ladislaus. Boris became See also:court See also:- CHAMBERLAIN (0. Fr. chamberlain, chamberlenc, Mod. Fr. chambellan, from O. H. Ger. Chamarling, Chamarlinc, whence also the Med. Lat. cambellanus, camerlingus, camerlengus; Ital. camerlingo; Span. camerlengo, compounded of 0. H. Ger. Chamara, Kamara [Lat.
- CHAMBERLAIN, JOSEPH (1836— )
- CHAMBERLAIN, JOSHUA LAWRENCE (1828– )
- CHAMBERLAIN, SIR NEVILLE BOWLES (1820-1902)
chamberlain in 1676. He was the See also:young See also:tsar See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter's See also:chief supporter when, in 1689, Peter resisted the usurpations of his See also:elder See also:sister See also:Sophia, and the See also:head of the loyal See also:council which assembled at the Troitsa monastery during the crisis of the struggle. Golitsuin it was who suggested taking See also:refuge in that strong fortress and won over the boyars of the opposite party. In 1690 he was created a See also:boyar and shared with Lev Naruishkin, Peter's See also:uncle, the conduct of See also:home affairs. After the See also:death of the tsaritsa Natalia, Peter's See also:mother, in 1694, his See also:influence increased still further. He accompanied Peter to the See also:- WHITE
- WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
- WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
- WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
- WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
- WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
- WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
- WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
- WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
- WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
- WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
- WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)
White See also:Sea (1694–1695); took See also:part in the See also:Azov See also:campaign (1695); and was one of the triumvirate who ruled See also:Russia during Peter's first See also:foreign tour (1697–1698). The See also:Astrakhan See also:rebellion (1706), which affected all the districts under his See also:government, shook Peter's confidence in him, and seriously impaired his position. In 1707 he was superseded in the Volgan provinces by Andrei See also:Matvyeev. A See also:year before his death he entered a monastery. Golitsuin was a typical representative of Russian society of the end of the 17th See also:century in its transition from barbarism to See also:civilization. In many respects he was far in advance of his See also:age. He was highly educated, spoke Latin with graceful fluency, frequented the society of scholars and had his See also:children carefully educated according to the best See also:European See also:models. Yet this eminent, this See also:superior personage was an habitual drunkard, an uncouth See also:savage who intruded upon the hospitality of wealthy foreigners, and was not ashamed to seize upon any dish he took a See also:fancy to, and send it home to his wife. It was his reckless See also:drunkenness which ultimately ruined him in the estimation of Peter the Great, despite his previous inestimable services.
See S. Solovev, See also:History of Russia (See also:Ras.), vol. xiv. (See also:Moscow, 1858) ;
R. N. See also:Bain, The First Romanovs (See also:London, 1905). (R. N. B.)
GOLITSUIN, DMITRY MIKHAILOVICH (1665–1737), Russian statesman, was sent in 1697 to See also:Italy to learn " military
xn.Saffairs "; in 1704 he was appointed to the command of an See also:auxiliary See also:corps in Poland against See also:Charles XII.; from 1711 to 1718 he was See also:governor of Byelogorod. In 1718 he was appointed See also:president of the newly erected Kammer Kollegium and a senator. In May 1723 he was implicated in the disgrace of the See also:vice-See also:chancellor See also:Shafirov and was deprived of all his offices and dignities, which he only recovered through the See also:mediation of the empress See also:Catherine I. After the death of Peter the Great, Golitsuin became the recognized head of the old Conservative party which had never forgiven Peter for putting away Eudoxia and marrying the plebeian Martha Skavronskaya. But the reformers, as represented by See also:Alexander See also:Menshikov and Peter Tolstoi, prevailed; and Golitsuin remained in the background till the fall of Menshikov, '727. During the last years of Peter II. (1728–1730), Golitsuin was the most prominent statesman in Russia and his high aristocratic theories had full See also:play. On the death of Peter II. he conceived the See also:idea of limiting the See also:autocracy by subordinating it to the authority of the supreme privy council, of which he was president. He See also:drew up a See also:form of constitution which See also:Anne of See also:Courland, the newly elected Russian empress, was forced to sign at Mittau before being permitted to proceed to St See also:Petersburg. Anne lost no See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time in repudiating this constitution, and never forgave its authors. Golitsuin was See also:left in See also:peace, how-ever, and lived for the most part in retirement, till 1736, when he was arrested on suspicion of being concerned in the See also:conspiracy of his son-in-See also:law Prince See also:Constantine Cantimir. This, however, was a See also:mere pretext, it was for his See also:anti-monarchical sentiments that he was really prosecuted. A court, largely composed of his antagonists, condemned him to death, but the empress reduced the See also:sentence to lifelong imprisonment in See also:Schlusselburg and See also:confiscation of all his estates. He died in his See also:prison on the 14th of See also:April 1737, after three months of confinement.
See R. N. Bain, The Pupils of Peter the Great (London, 1897).
(R. N.
End of Article: GOLITSUIN, BORIS ALEKSYEEVICH (1654–1714)
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