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KER, JOHN (1673-1726)

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 753 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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KER, See also:JOHN (1673-1726) , Scottish See also:spy, was See also:born in See also:Ayrshire on the 8th of See also:August 1673. His true name was See also:Crawfurd, his See also:father being See also:Alexander Crawfurd of Crawfurdland; but having married See also:Anna, younger daughter of See also:Robert Ker, of Kersland, Ayrshire, whose only son See also:Daniel Ker was killed at the See also:battle of Steinkirk in 1692, he assumed the name and arms of Ker in 1697, after buying the See also:family estates from his wife's See also:elder See also:sister. Having become a See also:leader among the extreme See also:Covenanters, he made use of his See also:influence to relieve his pecuniary embarrassments, selling his support at one See also:time to the See also:Jacobites, at another to the See also:government, and whenever possible to both parties at the same time. He held a See also:licence from the government in 1707 permitting him to See also:associate with those whose disloyalty was known or suspected, proving that he was at that date the government's paid spy; and in his See also:Memoirs Ker asserts that he had a number of other spies and agents working under his orders in different parts of the See also:country. He entered into See also:correspondence with See also:Catholic priests and Jacobite conspirators, whose schemes, so far as he could make himself cognisant of them, he betrayed to the government. But he was known to be a See also:man of the worst See also:character, and it is improbable that he succeeded in gaining the confidence of See also:people of any importance. The duchess of See also:Gordon was for a time, it is true, one of his correspondents, but in 1707 she had discovered him to be "a See also:knave." He went to See also:London in 1709, where he seems to have extracted considerable suns of See also:money from politicians of both parties by promising or threatening, as the See also:case might be, to expose See also:Godolphin's relations with the Jacobites. In 1713, if his own See also:story is to be believed, business of a semi-See also:diplomatic nature took Ker to See also:Vienna, where, although he failed in the See also:principal See also:object of his errand, the See also:emperor made him a See also:present of his portrait set in jewels. Ker also occupied his time in Vienna, he says, by gathering See also:information which he forwarded to the electress See also:Sophia; and in the following See also:year on his way See also:home he stopped at See also:Hanover to give some See also:advice to the future See also:king of See also:England as to the best way to govern the See also:English. Although in his own See also:opinion Ker materially assisted in placing See also:George I. on the English See also:throne, his services were unrewarded, owing, he would have us believe, to the incorruptibility of his character. Similar ingratitude was the recompense for his revelations of the Jacobite intentions in 1715; and as he was no more successful in making money out of the See also:East See also:India See also:Company, nor in certain commercial schemes which engaged his ingenuity during the next few years, he died in a debtors' See also:prison, on the 8th of See also:July 17 26. While in the King's See also:Bench he sold to See also:Edmund See also:Curll the bookseller, a See also:fellow-prisoner, who was serving a See also:sentence of five months for See also:publishing obscene books, the See also:manuscript of (or possibly only the materials on which were based) the Memoirs of John Ker of Kees/and, which Curll published in 1726 in three parts, the last of which appeared after Ker's See also:death.

For issuing the first See also:

part of the Memoirs, which purported to make disclosures damaging to the government, but which Curll in self-See also:justification described as " vindicating the memory of See also:Queen See also:Anne," the publisher was sentenced to the See also:pillory at Charing See also:Cross; and he added to the third part of the Memoirs the See also:indictment on which he had been convicted. See the above-mentioned Memoirs (London, 1726-1727), and in particular the " See also:preface " to part i.; George See also:Lockhart, The Lockhart Papers (2 vols., London, 1817) ; Nathaniel See also:Hooke, Correspondence, edited by W. D. Macray (See also:Roxburghe See also:Club, 2 vols., London, 187o), in which Ker is referred to under several pseudonyms, such as " Wicks," " Trustie," " The Cameronian Mealmonger," &c.

End of Article: KER, JOHN (1673-1726)

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