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MARLOW (GREAT MARLOW)

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Originally appearing in Volume V17, Page 741 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MARLOW (See also:GREAT MARLOW) , a See also:market See also:town in the See also:Wycombe See also:parliamentary See also:division of See also:Buckinghamshire, See also:England, 312 M. W. of See also:London on a See also:branch of the Great Western railway. Pop. of See also:urban See also:district (1901), 4526. It is beautifully situated on the See also:north (See also:left) See also:bank of the See also:Thames, which is here confined closely between See also:low wooded hills. A See also:weir and See also:lock, near which rise the high See also:tower and See also:spire of the See also:modern See also:church of All See also:Saints, See also:separate two See also:fine reaches of the See also:river, and the town is a favourite resort for boating and fishing. The See also:village of Little Marlow, where the See also:foundations of a See also:Benedictine nunnery of the See also:time of See also:Henry III. have been revealed by excavation, lies near the river two See also:miles below. The town is, as a whole, modern in See also:appearance, but a few old houses remain, such as the See also:grammar school, founded as a bluecoat school in 1624, adjoining which is a See also:house occupied by the poet See also:Shelley in 1817. The town has manufactures of chairs, See also:lace and See also:embroidery, See also:paper See also:mills and breweries. Great Marlow (Merlaue, Merlawe, See also:Marlowe, Marlow) appears as a See also:manor in Domesday See also:Book, but its " See also:borough and liberties " are not mentioned before 1261. It was then held by the earls of See also:Gloucester, and its importance was probably due to the See also:bridge across the Thames, first built, according to tradition, by the See also:Templars at Bisham. No See also:charter of See also:incorporation was ever granted to the town, but there are faint traces of its constitution in the 14th See also:century. In 1342 the See also:mayor and burgesses presented to a See also:chantry and continued to be the patrons till 1394.

Later writs addressed to the town only mention two bailiffs as See also:

officers of the borough, nor were the pontage rights and dues held by it until the 15th century. Two burgesses sat in See also:parliament from 1300 to 1309, but the See also:representation of the borough lapsed until 1621, when the right to return members was re-established. After the Reform See also:Bill of 1832 the boundaries of the parliamentary borough were enlarged, but in 1867 its representation was reduced to one member, and in 1885 was merged in that of the See also:county. No See also:grant of a market in the borough has been found, but a market was held by the Despensers who had succeeded the De See also:Clares as lords of the manor in the 14th century. In the 16th century the market seems to have been given up, but it was revived and held in the 18th century, only to disappear again before 1862. Fairs were mentioned in 1306 on the See also:death of See also:Gilbert de See also:Clare, when they were held on St See also:Luke's See also:Day and on the Wednesday in Whit-See also:week by the See also:earl of Gloucester, and See also:Hugh le See also:Despenser was granted a See also:fair in his manor of Marlow in 1324. In 1792 there were two fairs, one of which, for horses and See also:cattle, is still held on the 29th. of See also:October. Lace and satin-stitch See also:work used to be made to a considerable extent.

End of Article: MARLOW (GREAT MARLOW)

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