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See also:MATHEWS, See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
THOMAS (1676-1751) , See also:British See also:admiral, son of See also:Colonel See also:Edward Mathews (d. 1700), and See also:grandson on his See also:mother's See also:side of See also:Sir Thomas See also:Armstrong (1624-1684), who was executed for the See also:Rye See also:House See also:Plot, was See also:born at See also:Llandaff See also:Court, Llandaff. He entered the See also:navy and became See also:lieutenant in 1699, being promoted See also:captain in 1703. During the See also:short See also:war with See also:Spain (1718-20) he commanded the " See also:Kent " in the See also:fleet of Sir See also:George Byng (See also:Lord See also:Torrington), and from 1722 to 1724 he hadthe command of a small See also:squadron sent to the See also:East Indies to repress the pirates of the See also:coast of See also:Malabar. He saw no further service till See also:March 1741, when he was appointed to the command in the Mediterranean, and plenipotentiary to the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Sardinia and the other courts of See also:Italy. It is impossible to understand upon what grounds he was selected. As an admiral he was not distinguished; he was quite destitute of the experience. and the tact required for his See also:diplomatic duties; and he was on the worst possible terms with his second in command, See also:Richard Lestock (1679?-1746). Yet the purpose for which he was sent out in his See also:double capacity was not altogether See also:ill performed. In 1742 Mathews sent a small squadron to See also:Naples to compel King See also:Charles III., afterwards king of Spain, to remain neutral. It was commanded by See also:commodore, afterwards admiral, See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William See also:- MARTIN (Martinus)
- MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
- MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
- MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
- MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
- MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
- MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
- MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
- MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
- MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
- MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)
Martin (1696?-1756), who refused to enter into negotiations, and gave the king See also:half an See also:hour in which to return an See also:answer. In See also:June of the same See also:year a squadron of See also:Spanish galleys, which had taken See also:refuge in the See also:Bay of See also:Saint Tropez, was burnt by the fireships of Mathews' fleet. In the meantime a Spanish squadron of See also:line-of-battleships had taken refuge in See also:Toulon, and was watched by the British fleet from its anchorage at See also:Hyeres. In See also:February 1744 the Spaniards put to See also:sea in See also:company with a See also:French force. Mathews, who had now returned to his See also:flagship, followed, and an engagement took See also:place on the 1th of February. The See also:battle was highly discreditable to the British fleet, and not very See also:honourable to their opponents, but it is of the highest See also:historical importance in the See also:history of the navy. It marked the lowest See also:pitch reached in discipline and fighting and efficiency by the fleet in the 18th See also:century, and it had a very See also:bad effect in confirming the pedantic See also:system of See also:tactics set up by the old Fighting Instructions. The British fleet followed the enemy in See also:light winds on the loth of February, and became scattered. Mathews hoisted the See also:signal to See also:form the line, and then when See also:night See also:fell, to See also:lie to. At that moment Lestock, who commanded in the See also:rear, was at a considerable distance from the See also:body of the fleet, and he ought undoubtedly to have joined his admiral before lying to, but he obeyed the second See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order, with the result, which it is impossible not to feel that he foresaw and desired, that when See also:morning came he was a See also:long way off the See also:flag of Mathews. The enemy were within striking distance of the See also:van and centre of the British fleet, and Mathews attacked their rear. The battle was ill fought, as it had been ill prepared. Lestock never came into See also:action at all. One Spanish line-of-battleship, the " Poder " (74), was taken, but afterwards burnt. Several of the British captains behaved very badly, and Mathews in a See also:heat of confused anger See also:bore down on the enemy out of his line, while the signal to keep the line was still flying at his See also:mast See also:head. The French and Spaniards got away, and were not pursued by Mathews, though they were of inferior strength.
Deep indignation was aroused at See also:home by this See also:naval See also:miscarriage, and the battle led to more than twenty courts-See also:martial and a See also:parliamentary inquiry. The evils which had overrun the navy were clearly displayed, and in so far some See also:good was done. It was shown for instance that one of the captains whose See also:ship behaved worst was a See also:man of extreme See also:age who was nearly See also:blind and See also:deaf. One of the captains was so frightened at the prospect of a trial that he deserted on his way home and disappeared into Spain. Mathews resigned and returned home after the battle. In consequence of the parliamentary See also:motion for inquiry, Lestock was brought to trial, and acquitted on the ground that he had obeyed orders. Then Mathews was tried in 1746, and was condemned to be dismissed the service on the ground that he had not only failed to pursue the enemy but had taken his fleet into action in a confused manner. He had in fact not waited till he had his fleet in a line with the enemy before bearing down on them, and he had disordered his own line. To the See also:country at large it appeared See also:strange that the admiral who had actually fought should be condemned, while the admiral who had kept at a distance was acquitted. Mathews looked upon his condemnation as the result of See also:mere party spirit. Sheer pedantry on the See also:part of the See also:officers forming
the court-martial affords a more satisfactory explanation. They judged that a naval officer was See also:bound not to go beyond the Fighting Instructions as Mathews had undoubtedly done, and therefore condemned him. Their decision had a serious effect in fixing the See also:rule that all battles, at any See also:rate against enemies of equal or nearly equal See also:numbers, were to be fought on one See also:pattern. Mathews died on the 2nd of See also:October 1751 in See also:London. There is a portrait of him in the Painted See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
Hall at See also:Greenwich.
In Beatson's Naval and Military See also:Memoirs, vol. i., will be found a See also:fair See also:account of the battle of February 1744. It is fully dealt with by See also:Montagu Burrows in his See also:Life of See also:Hawke. The French account may be found in Tronde's Batailles Navales de la See also:France. The Spanish view is in the See also:Vida de See also:Don Josef See also:Navarro by Don Josef de Vargas. The battle led to a violent pamphlet controversy. The charges and findings at the courts-martial on both Lestock and Mathews were published at the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time. The See also:minor trials arising out of the action are collected in a See also:folio under the See also:title " Copies of all the Minutes and Proceedings taken at and upon the several Tryals of Captain George Burrish " (1746). A " Narrative " was published by, or for, Lestock in 1744, and answered by, or on behalf of, Mathews under the title " Ad—1 M—w's Conduct in the See also:late Engagement Vindicated " in 1745. (D.
End of Article: MATHEWS, THOMAS (1676-1751)
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