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See also:TORRINGTON (See also:GREAT TORRINGTON) , a See also:market See also:town and municipal See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough in the See also:South Molton See also:parliamentary See also:division of See also:Devonshire, See also:England, on the Torridge, 225 M. W. by S. of See also:London by the London & South-Western railway. Pop. (1901), 3241. It stands on a See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
hill overlooking the richly wooded valley of the Torridge, here crossed by three See also:bridges. See also:Glove manufactures on a large See also:scale, with See also:flour and See also:butter making and See also:leather dressing, are the See also:staple See also:industries. The town is governed by a See also:mayor, 4 aldermen and 12 councillors. See also:Area, 3592 acres.
Torrington (Toritone) was the site of very See also:early See also:settlement, and possessed a market in Saxon times. The See also:manor was held by Brictric in the reign of See also:Edward the See also:Confessor, and in 1o86 formed See also:part of the Domesday See also:fief of See also:Odo Fitz Gamelin, which later constituted an See also:honour with Torrington as its caput. In 1221 it appears as a See also:mesne borough under See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William de Toritone, a descendant of Odo and the supposed founder of the See also:castle, which in 1228 was ordered to be razed to the ground, but is said to have been rebuilt in 1340 by See also:Richard de Merton. The borough had a See also:fair in 1221, and returned two members to See also:parliament from 1295 until exempted from See also:representation at its own See also:request in 1368. The See also:government was vested in bailiffs and a commonalty, and no See also:charter of See also:incorporation was granted till that of See also:Queen See also:Mary in 1554, which instituted a governing See also:body of a mayor, 7 aldermen and 18 See also:chief burgesses, with authority to hold a See also:court of See also:record every three See also:weeks on See also:Monday; See also:law-days and view of See also:frankpledge at Michaelmas and See also:Easter; a weekly market on Saturday, and fairs at the feasts of St See also:Michael and St See also:George. This charter was confirmed by See also:Elizabeth in 1568 and by See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James I. in 1617. A charter from James II. in 1686 changed the See also:style of the See also:corporation to a mayor, 8 aldermen and 12 chief burgesses. In the 16th See also:century Torrington was an important centre of the clothing See also:trade, and in 1605 the town is described as very prosperous, with three
See also:Chateau-Renault, who had a stronger force. Being discontented with the amount of force provided at See also:sea, he resigned his See also:place at the See also:admiralty, but retained his command at sea. In May 1689 he was created See also:earl of Torrington. In 1690 he was in the Channel with a See also:fleet of See also:English and Dutch vessels, which did not rise above 56 in all, and found himself in front of the much more powerful See also:French fleet. In his See also:report to the See also:council of regency he indicated his intention of retiring to the See also:Thames, and losing sight of the enemy, saying that they would not do any harm to the See also:coast while they knew his fleet to be " in being." The council, which knew that the See also:Jacobites were preparing for a rising, and only waited for the support of a body of French troops, ordered him not to lose sight of the enemy, but rather than do that to give See also:battle " upon any See also:advantage of the See also:wind." On the loth of See also:July Torrington, after consulting with his Dutch colleagues, made a See also:half-hearted attack on the French off Beachy See also:Head in which his own See also:ship was kept out of See also:fire, and severe loss See also:fell on his See also:allies. Then he retired to the Thames. The French pursuit was fortunately feeble (see See also:TOURVILLE, See also:COMTE DE) and the loss of the allies was comparatively slight. The indignation of the See also:country was at first great, and Torrington was brought to a court See also:martial in See also:December. He was acquitted, but never again employed. Although twice married, he was childless when he died on the 14th of See also:April 1716, his earldom becoming See also:extinct. The unfavourable See also:account of his moral See also:character given by See also:Dartmouth to See also:Pepys is confirmed by See also:Bishop See also:Burnet, who had seen much of him during his See also:- EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)
exile in See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland. An See also:attempt has been made in See also:recent years to rehabilitate the character of Torrington, and his phrase " a fleet in being " has been widely used (see See also:Naval Warfare, by See also:Vice-See also:Admiral P. H. See also:Colomb).
See See also:Charnock's Biog. See also:Nay., i. 258. The best account of the battle of Beachy Head is to be found in " The Account given by See also:Sir See also:John See also:Ashby Vice-Admiral and See also:Rear-Admiral See also:Rooke, to the Lords Commissioners " (1691).
End of Article: TORRINGTON (GREAT TORRINGTON)
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