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See also:MAYOR OF THE See also:PALACE .—The See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of mayor of the palace was an institution See also:peculiar to the See also:Franks of the Merovingian See also:period. A landowner who did not See also:manage his own See also:estate placed it in the hands of a steward (See also:major), who superintended the working of the estate and collected its revenues. If he had several estates, he appointed a See also:chief steward, who managed the whole of the estates and was called the major domus. Each See also:great personage had a major domus—the See also:queen had hers, the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king his; and since the royal See also:house was called the palace, this officer took the name of " mayor of the palace." The mayor of the palace, however, did not remain restricted to domestic functions; he had the discipline of the palace and tried persons who resided there. Soon his functions See also:expanded. If the king were a See also:minor, the mayor of the palace supervised his See also:education in the capacity of See also:guardian (nutricius), and often also occupied himself with affairs of See also:state. When the king came of See also:age, the mayor exerted himself to keep this See also:power, and succeeded. In the 7th See also:century he be-came the See also:head of the See also:administration and a veritable See also:prime minis-ter. He took See also:part in the nomination of the See also:counts and See also:dukes; in the king's See also:absence he presided over the royal tribunal; and he often commanded the armies. When the See also:custom of See also:commendation See also:developed, the king charged the mayor of the palace to protect those who had commended themselves to him and to
1 The mayors of certain cities in the See also:United See also:Kingdom (See also:London, See also:York, See also:Dublin) have acquired by See also:prescription the prefix of " See also:lord." In the See also:case of London it seems to date from 1540. It has also been conferred during the closing years of the 19th century by letters patent on other cities—See also:Birmingham, See also:Liverpool, See also:Manchester, See also:Bristol, See also:Sheffield, See also:Leeds, See also:Cardiff, See also:Bradford, See also:Newcastle-on-See also:Tyne, See also:Belfast, See also:Cork. In 1910 it was granted to See also:Norwich. Lord mayors are entitled to be addressed as right See also:honourable."intervene at See also:law on their behalf. The mayor of the palace thus found himself at the head of the commendati, just as he was at the head of the functionaries.
It is difficult to trace the names of some of the mayors of the palace, the See also:post being of almost no significance in the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of See also:- GREGORY
- GREGORY (Gregorius)
- GREGORY (Grigorii) GRIGORIEVICH ORLOV, COUNT (1734-1783)
- GREGORY, EDWARD JOHN (1850-19o9)
- GREGORY, OLINTHUS GILBERT (1774—1841)
- GREGORY, ST (c. 213-C. 270)
- GREGORY, ST, OF NAZIANZUS (329–389)
- GREGORY, ST, OF NYSSA (c.331—c. 396)
- GREGORY, ST, OF TOURS (538-594)
Gregory of See also:Tours. When the office increased in importance the mayors of the palace did not, as has been thought, pursue an identical policy. Some—for instance, See also:Otto, the mayor of the palace of See also:Austrasia towards 64o—were devoted to the See also:Crown. On the other See also:hand, mayors like Flaochat (in See also:Burgundy) and Erkinoald (in See also:Neustria) stirred up the great nobles, who claimed the right to take part in their nomination, against the king. Others again, sought to exercise the power in their own name both against the king and against the great nobles—such as See also:Ebroin (in Neustria), and, later, the See also:Carolingians See also:Pippin II., See also:Charles Martel, and Pippin III., who, after making use of the great nobles, kept the authority for themselves. In 751 Pippin III., fortified by his consultation with See also:Pope See also:Zacharias, could quite naturally See also:exchange the See also:title of mayor for that of king; and when he became king, he suppressed the title of mayor of the palace. It must be observed that from 639 there were generally See also:separate mayors of Neustria, Austrasia and Burgundy, even when Austrasia and Burgundy formed a single kingdom; the mayor was a sign of the See also:independence of the region. Each mayor, however, sought to supplant the others; the Pippins and Charles Martel succeeded, and their victory was at the same time the victory of Austrasia over Neustria and Burgundy.
See G. H. See also:Pertz, Geschichte der merowingischen Hausmeier (Han-over, 1819) ; H. Bonnell, De dignitate majoris domus (See also:Berlin, i858) ; E. See also:Hermann, Das Hausmeieramt, ein echt germanisches Amt, vol. ix. of Untersuchungen zur deutschen Staats- and Rechtsgeschichte, ed. by O. Gierke (See also:Breslau, 1878, seq.); G. See also:Waitz, Deutsche Verfassungsgeschichte, 3rd ed., revised by K. Zeumer; and Fustel de Coulanges, Histoire See also:des institutions politiques de t' ancienne See also:France: La monarchie franque (See also:Paris, 1888). (C.
End of Article: MAYOR OF THE PALACE
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