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BRADFORD, WILLIAM (1590—1657)

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 370 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BRADFORD, See also:WILLIAM (1590—1657) , See also:American colonial See also:governor and historian, was See also:born in Austerfield, See also:Yorkshire, See also:England, probably in See also:March 1590. He became somewhat estranged from his See also:family, which was one of considerable importance in the locality, when in See also:early youth he joined the Puritan See also:sect known as Separatists, and See also:united in membership with the See also:congregation at Scrooby. He prepared in 1607, with other members of the See also:church, to migrate to See also:Holland, but the See also:plan was discovered and several of the leaders, among them Bradford, were imprisoned. In the See also:year following, however, he joined the See also:English See also:colony at See also:Amsterdam, where he learned the See also:trade of See also:silk See also:weaving. He subsequently sold his Yorkshire See also:property and embarked in business on his own See also:account at See also:Leiden, where the English refugees had removed. He became an active See also:advocate of the proposed See also:emigration to See also:America, was one of the party that sailed in the " See also:Mayflower " in See also:September 1620, and was one of the signers of the compact on shipboard in Cape See also:Cod See also:Bay. After the See also:death of Governor See also:John See also:Carver in See also:April 1621, Bradford was elected governor of See also:Plymouth Colony, and served as such, with the exception of five years (1633,1634, 1636, 1638 and 1644) until shortly before his death. After 1624, at Bradford's See also:suggestion, a See also:board of five and later seven assist-ants was chosen annually to See also:share the executive responsibility. Bradford's See also:rule was See also:firm and judicious, and to his guidance more than to that of any other See also:man the prosperity of the Plymouth Colony was due. His tact and kindness in dealing with the See also:Indians helped to relieve the colony from the conflicts with which almost every other See also:settlement was afflicted. In 163o the See also:council for New England granted to " William Bradford, his heires, associatts, and assignes," a new patent enlarging the See also:original See also:grant of territory made to the Plymouth settlers. This patent Bradford in the name of the trustees made over to the See also:body corporate of the colony in 1641.

Bradford died in Plymouth on the 9th of May 1657. He was the author of a very important See also:

historical See also:work, the See also:History of Plimouth See also:Plantation (until 1646), first published in the Proceedings of the See also:Massachusetts Historical Society for 1856, and later by the See also:state of Massachusetts (See also:Boston, 1898), and in facsimile, with an introduction by John A. See also:Doyle, in 1896. The See also:manuscript disappeared from Boston during the See also:War of See also:Independence, was discovered in the See also:Fulham library, See also:London, in 1855, and was returned by the See also:bishop of London to the state of Massachusetts in 1897. This work has been of inestimable value to writers on the history of the Pilgrims, and was freely used, in manuscript, by See also:Morton, Hubbard, See also:Mather, See also:Prince and See also:Hutchinson. Bradford was also undoubtedly See also:part author,with See also:Edward See also:Winslow, of the " See also:Diary of Occurrences " published in Mourts' Relation, edited by Dr H. M. See also:Dexter (Boston, 1865). He also wrote a See also:series of Dialogues, on church See also:government, published in the Massachusetts Historical Society's Publications (187o.) For Bradford's ancestry and early See also:life see See also:Joseph See also:Hunter, Collections concerning the Founders of New Plymouth, in Massachusetts Historical Society's Collections (Boston, 1852) : also the See also:quaint See also:sketch in See also:Cotton Mather's Magnalia (London, 1702), and a See also:chapter in Williston See also:Walker's Ten New England Leaders (New See also:York, 1901).

End of Article: BRADFORD, WILLIAM (1590—1657)

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