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WOLFF, JOSEPH (1795–1862)

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 775 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WOLFF, See also:JOSEPH (1795–1862) , Jewish See also:Christian missionary, was See also:born at Weilersbach, near See also:Bamberg, See also:Germany, in 1795. His See also:father became See also:rabbi at See also:Wurttemberg in 18o6, and sent his son to the See also:Protestant See also:lyceum at See also:Stuttgart. He was converted to See also:Christianity through See also:reading the books of Johann See also:Michael von Sailer, See also:bishop of See also:Regensburg, and was baptized in 1812 by the See also:Benedictine See also:abbot of Emaus, near See also:Prague. Wolff was a keen See also:Oriental See also:scholar and pursued his studies at See also:Tubingen and at See also:Rome, where he was expelled from the Collegio di Propaganda in 1818 for attacking the See also:doctrine of See also:infallibility and criticizing his tutors. After a See also:short stay in the monastery of the Redemptorists at Val Sainte near See also:Fribourg, he went to See also:London, entered the See also:Anglican See also:Church, and resumed his Oriental and theological studies at See also:Cambridge. In 1821 he began his missionary wanderings in the See also:East by visiting See also:Egypt, the Sinaitic See also:peninsula, See also:Jerusalem, See also:Aleppo, See also:Mesopotamia, See also:Persia, See also:Tiflis and the See also:Crimea, returning to See also:England in 1826, when See also:Edward See also:Irving introduced him to See also:Lady Georgina See also:Walpole, 6th daughter of Horatio Walpole, See also:earl of See also:Orford, whom he married in See also:February 1827. In 1828 Wolff set out to See also:search for the ten tribes, travelling through See also:Anatolia, See also:Armenia, See also:Turkestan and See also:Afghanistan to See also:Simla and See also:Calcutta, suffering many hardships but See also:preaching with See also:enthusiasm. He visited See also:Madras, See also:Pondicherry, See also:Tinnevelly, See also:Goa and Bombay, travelling See also:home by Egypt and See also:Malta. In 1836 he found See also:Samuel See also:Gobat in See also:Abyssinia, took him to Jiddah, and him-self visited See also:Yemen and Bombay, going on to the See also:United States, where he was ordained See also:deacon in 1837, and See also:priest in 1838 In the same See also:year he was given the rectory of Linthwaite in See also:Yorkshire. In 1843 he went to See also:Bokhara to seek two See also:British See also:officers, Lieut.-See also:Colonel C. Stoddart and See also:Captain A. See also:Conolly, and narrowly escaped the See also:death that had overtaken them; his Narrative of this See also:mission went through seven See also:editions between 1845 and 1852.

In 1845 he was presented to the vicarage of Ile Brewers, See also:

Somerset, and was planning another See also:great missionary tour when he died on the 2nd of May 1862. He published several See also:Journals of his expeditions, especially Travels and Adventures of Joseph Wolff (2 vols., London, 186o). His son, See also:SIR See also:HENRY See also:DRUMMOND WOLFF (1830-1908), was a well-known See also:English diplomatist and Conservative politician, who started as a clerk in the See also:foreign See also:office and was created K.C.M.G. in 1862 for various services abroad. In 1874-188o he sat in See also:parliament for See also:Christchurch, and in 1880-1885 for Ports-mouth, being one of the See also:group known as the " See also:Fourth Party." In 1885 he went on a See also:special mission to See also:Constantinople in connexion with the See also:Egyptian question, and as the result various awkward difficulties, hinging on the See also:sultan's See also:suzerainty, were got over. In 1888 he was sent as See also:minister to See also:Teheran, and from 1892 to 1900 was See also:ambassador at See also:Madrid. He died on the 11th of See also:October 1908. Sir Henry was a notable raconteur, and he did See also:good service to the Conservative party by helping to found the See also:Primrose See also:League. He was created G.C.M.G. in 1878 and G.C.B. in 1889.

End of Article: WOLFF, JOSEPH (1795–1862)

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