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BIGOD, HUGH (d. 1177)

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 923 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BIGOD, See also:HUGH (d. 1177) , See also:earl of See also:Norfolk, was the second son of See also:Roger Bigod (d. 1107), the founder of the See also:English See also:family of this name. Hugh inherited large estates in See also:East Anglia on the See also:death of his See also:brother See also:William in 1120, and enjoyed the favour of See also:Henry I. At first a supporter of See also:Stephen during this See also:king's struggle with the empress See also:Matilda, Hugh was rewarded with the earldom of Norfolk before 1141. After having fought for the king at the See also:battle of See also:Lincoln the earl deserted him, assumed a position of armed See also:neutrality during the See also:general anarchy, and then assisted Henry II. in his efforts to obtain the See also:throne. This king confirmed him in the See also:possession of his earldom; but becoming restless under the See also:rule of See also:law initiated by Henry, he participated in the revolt of 1173, which so far as See also:England was concerned centred See also:round his possessions. Though defeated and compelled to surrender his castles, Bigod kept his lands and his earldom, and lived at See also:peace with Henry II. until his death, which probably took See also:place in See also:Palestine. His son ROGER (d. 1221), who succeeded to the earldom of Norfolk, was confirmed in his earldom and other honours by See also:Richard I., after he had fallen under the displeasure of Henry II. He took See also:part in the negotiations for the See also:release of Richard from See also:prison, and after the king's return to England became See also:justiciar. The earl was one of the leaders of the baronial party which obtained See also:John's assent to Magna Carta, and his name appears among the signatories to this document.923 Roger was succeeded as 3rd earl by his son, Hugh, who died in 1225, leaving a son, ROGER (d.

1270), who became 4th earl of Norfolk. Through his See also:

mother, Matilda, a daughter of William See also:Marshal, earl of See also:Pembroke, Roger obtained the See also:office of marshal of England in 1246. He was prominent among the barons who wrested the See also:control of the See also:government frgm the hands of Henry III., and assisted See also:Simon de See also:Montfort. The earl married See also:Isabella, daughter of William the See also:Lion, king of See also:Scotland, but See also:left no sons. Hugh, the 3rd earl, left a younger son, HUGH (d. 1266), who was See also:chief justiciar of England from 1258 to 1260, and who fought for Henry III. at the battle of See also:Lewes. The latter's son, ROGER, succeeded his See also:uncle Roger as 5th earl of Norfolk in 1270. This earl is the See also:hero of a famous altercation with See also:Edward I. in 1297, which arose out of the king's command that Bigod should serve against the king of See also:France in See also:Gascony, while he went to See also:Flanders. The earl asserted that by the See also:tenure of his lands he was only compelled to serve across the seas in the See also:company of the king himself, whereupon Edward said, "By See also:God, earl, you shall either go or hang,"„to which Bigod replied, " By the same See also:oath, 0 king, I will neither go nor hang." The earl gained his point, and after Edward had left for France he and See also:Humphrey See also:Bohun, earl of See also:Hereford, prevented the collection of an aid for the See also:war and forced Edward to confirm the charters in this See also:year and again in 1301. See also:Stubbs says Bigod and Bohun " are but degenerate sons of mighty fathers; greater in their opportunities than in their patriotism." The earl died without issue in See also:December 1306, when his See also:title became See also:extinct, and his estates reverted to the See also:crown. The Bigods held the hereditary office of steward (dapifer) of the royal See also:household, and their chief See also:castle was at See also:Framlingham in See also:Suffolk. See W.

Stubbs, Constitutional See also:

History, vols. i. and ii. (1896–1897); J. R. See also:Planche, " The Earls of East Anglia " (Brit. See also:Arch. See also:Ass., vol. xxi., 1865) ; and G. E. C(okayne), See also:Complete See also:Peerage, vol. vi.

End of Article: BIGOD, HUGH (d. 1177)

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