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FELDKIRCH

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 238 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FELDKIRCH , a small See also:

town in the See also:Austrian See also:province of the See also:Vorarlberg, some 20 M. S. of the S. end of the See also:Lake of See also:Constance. It is situated in a See also:green hollow, on the See also:Ill See also:river, between the two narrow rocky See also:gorges through which it flows out into the broad valley of the See also:Rhine. Hence, though containing only about 4000 inhabitants (See also:German-speaking and Romanist), the town is of See also:great military importance, since it commands the entrance into See also:Tirol from the See also:west, over the Arlberg Pass (5912 ft.), and has been the See also:scene of many conflicts, the last in 1799, when the See also:French, under See also:Oudinot and See also:Massena, were driven back by the Austrians under Hotze and See also:Jellachich. It is a picturesque little town, overshadowed by the old See also:castle of Schattenburg (now a poor-See also:house), built about 1200 by the See also:count of See also:Montfort, whose descendant in 1375 sold it to the Habsburgs. The town contains many administrative offices, and is the See also:residence of a See also:suffragan See also:bishop, who acts as See also:vicar-See also:general of the diocesan, the bishop of See also:Brixen. Among the See also:principal buildings are the See also:parish See also:church, dating from 1487, and possessing a " Descent from the See also:Cross" (1521), which has been attributed to See also:Holbein, the great Jesuit educational See also:establishment called " Stella Matutina," and a Capuchin See also:convent and church. There is a considerable amount of transit See also:trade at Feldkirch, which by See also:rail is 11 m. from Buchs (See also:Switzerland), through the principality of See also:Liechtenstein, 24 M. from See also:Bregenz, and 991 M. from See also:Innsbruck by See also:tunnel beneath the Arlberg Pass. The town also possesses numerous See also:industrial establishments, such as factories for See also:cotton-See also:spinning, See also:weaving, See also:bell-See also:founding, See also:dyeing, &c. (W. A. B.

C.) FtLIBIEN, ANDR$ (1619-1695), sieur See also:

des Avaux et de Javercy, French architect and historiographer, was See also:born at See also:Chartres in May 1619. At the See also:age of fourteen he went to See also:Paris to continue his studies; and in 1647 he was sent to See also:Rome in the capacity of secretary of See also:embassy to the See also:Marquis de Marueil. His residence at Rome he turned to See also:good See also:account by diligent study of its See also:ancient monuments, by examination of the See also:literary treasures of its See also:libraries, and by cultivating the acquaintance of men eminent in literature and in See also:art, with whom he was brought into contact through his See also:translation of See also:Cardinal See also:Barberini's See also:Life of See also:Pius V. Among his See also:friends was See also:Nicholas Poussin, whose counsels were of great value to him. On his return to See also:France he married, and was ultimately induced, in the See also:hope of employment and honours, to See also:settle in Paris. Both See also:Fouquet and See also:Colbert in their turn recognized his abilities; and he was one of the first members (1663) of the See also:Academy of See also:Inscriptions. Three years later Colbert procured him the See also:appointment of historiographer to the See also:king. In 1671 he was named secretary to the newly-founded Academy of See also:Architecture, and in 1673 keeper of the See also:cabinet of antiques in the See also:palace of Brion. To these offices was afterwards added by See also:Louvois that of See also:deputy controller-general of roads and See also:bridges. Felibien found See also:time in the midst of his See also:official duties for study and See also:research, and produced many literary See also:works. Among these the best and the most generally known is the Entretiens sur See also:les vies et sur les ouvrages des plus excellents peintres cinder's et modernes, which appeared in successive livraisons, the first in 1666, and the fifth in 1688. It was republished with several additions at See also:Amsterdam in 1706, and again at Trevoux in X725.

Felibien wrote also Origine de la peinture (166o), Principes de l'architecture, de la See also:

sculpture, de la peinture, &c. (1676-169o), and descriptions of See also:Versailles, of La Trappe, and of the pictures and statues of the royal residences. Among other literary works, he edited the Conferences of the Academy of See also:Painting, and translated the Castle of the Soul from the See also:Spanish of St See also:Theresa. His See also:personal See also:character commanded the highest esteem, agreeing with the See also:motto which he adopted—Bene facere et See also:vera dicere. He died in Paris on the 1 Xth of See also:June 1695. His son, See also:Jean See also:Francois Felibien (c. 1658-1733), was also an architect who See also:left a number of works on his subject; and a younger son, See also:Michel Felibien (c. 1666-1719), was a See also:Benedictine of See also:Saint Germain-des-Pres whose fame rests on his Histoire de l'abbaye royale de S. Denys en France, and also his L'Histoire de la ville de Paris in 5 vols., a See also:work indispensable to the student of Paris.

End of Article: FELDKIRCH

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