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See also:PARKES, See also:SIR See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
HENRY (1815–1896) , Australian statesman, was See also:born at Stoneleigh, in See also:Warwickshire, on the 27th of May 1815. The son of parents in very humble circumstances, he received only a rudimentary See also:education, and at an See also:early See also:age was obliged to See also:earn his living as a See also:common labourer. Failing to make his way in See also:England, he emigrated to See also:Australia in 1839, and after a See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time settled in See also:Sydney as an See also:ivory-See also:turner. Conscious of his See also:great See also:powers, he worked unremittingly to repair the deficiencies of his education, and See also:developed a genuine See also:taste for literature, and a See also:gift for versification which won the approval of so severe a See also:judge as See also:Tennyson. His first See also:volume of poems was published in 1842, under the See also:title of Stolen Moments. He now began to take an active See also:part in politics, and soon showed himself the wielder of an incisive See also:style as a See also:leader-writer, and a popular orator of unrivalled See also:influence. He took a prominentpart in the See also:movement against the transportation of convicts, and in 1849 started the See also:Empire newspaper to inculcate his policy of attacking abuses while remaining loyal to the See also:Crown. The See also:paper at once made its See also:mark, but owing to See also:financial difficulties ceased to appear in 1858. One of the reforms for which Parkes fought most strenuously was the full introduction of responsible See also:government. He was returned to the legislative See also:council under the old constitution as member for Sydney, and on the See also:establishment of a legislative See also:assembly in 1856 was elected for See also:East Sydney. His See also:parliamentary career was twice interrupted by pecuniary embarrassments; indeed, he never acquired the See also:art of maLing See also:money, and in spite of a public subscription raised in 1887 died in See also:absolute penury. He was elected for East Sydney in 1859 at the first See also:general See also:election under the new electoral See also:act, and sat till 1861, when he was sent to England as a See also:commissioner for promoting See also:emigration. He made a prolonged stay in England, and described his impressions in a See also:series of letters to the Sydney See also:Morning See also:Herald, some of which were reprintcd in 1869 under the title of Australian Views of England. He returned to Australia in 1863, and, re-entering the Assembly, became colonial secretary in the See also:- MARTIN (Martinus)
- MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
- MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
- MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
- MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
- MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
- MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
- MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
- MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
- MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
- MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)
Martin See also:ministry from 1866 to 1868. He succeeded in passing the Public See also:Schools Act of 1866, which for the first time instituted an efficient See also:system of See also:primary education in the See also:colony. His great See also:chance came in 1872, when the Martin ministry resigned on the question of the sum payable by See also:Victoria in lieu of border duties. Parkes had for several years persistently advocated See also:free imports as a remedy for the financial See also:distress of the colony. He now became See also:prime See also:minister and colonial secretary; and rising to the height of his opportunity, he removed the cause of dispute by throwing the colony open to See also:trade. He held See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office till 1875, and on the fall of the See also:Robertson ministry again became premier and colonial secretary from See also:March till See also:August 1877. At the end of this See also:year he was made K.C.M.G. Finding that the See also:state of parties did not allow of the existence of a See also:stable ministry, he formed a See also:coalition with Sir See also:John Robertson, and became premier and colonial secretary for the third time from See also:December 1878 to See also:January 1883. In 1882 and in 1883–1884 he paid prolonged visits to England. Already distinguished among Australian statesmen for breadth of outlook and passionate devotion to the Empire, he returned with those qualities enhanced. For a time he found himself almost in a position of See also:isolation, but in 1887 the policy of See also:protection adopted by his successors brought him again into office. His free trade policy was once more successful. Other important See also:measures of his See also:administration were the reform of the See also:civil service, the See also:prohibition of See also:Chinese See also:immigration, and the See also:railways and public See also:works acts. He See also:fell from office in January 1889, but in the following March became for the fifth time premier and colonial secretary. The See also:remainder of his See also:life was chiefly devoted to the question of Australian federation. The Federal See also:Convention at See also:Melbourne in 1890 was mainly his See also:work; and he presided over the convention at Sydney in 1891, and was chiefly responsible for the draft constitution there carried. Defeated in See also:October 1891 on his refusal to accept an eight See also:hours' See also:day for See also:coal-miners, he remained in opposition for the See also:rest of his career, sacrificing even free trade in the See also:hope of smoothing the path of federation. He died at Sydney on the 27th of See also:April 1896; but though he did not live to see the realization of his efforts, he may justly be called the See also:Father of the Australian See also:Commonwealth.
He published, in addition to the works already named and numerous volumes of See also:verse, a collection of speeches on the Federal Government of Australia (189o), and an autobiography, Fifty Years in the making of Australian See also:History (1892).
End of Article: PARKES, SIR HENRY (1815–1896)
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