|
See also:BURGOYNE, See also:JOHN (1722-1792) , See also:English See also:general and dramatist, entered the See also:army at an See also:early See also:age. In 1943 he made a runaway See also:marriage with a daughter of the See also:earl of See also:Derby, but soon had to sell his See also:commission to meet his debts, after which he lived abroad for seven years. By See also:Lord Derby's See also:interest Burgoyne was then reinstated at the outbreak of the Seven Years' See also:War, and in 1758 he became See also:captain and See also:lieutenant-See also:colonel in the See also:foot See also:guards. In 1758–1759 he participated in expeditions made against the See also:French See also:coast, and in the latter See also:year he was instrumental in introducing See also:light See also:cavalry into the See also:British army. The two regiments then formed were commanded by Eliott (afterwards Lord See also:Heathfield) and Burgoyne. In 1761 he sat in See also:parliament for See also:Midhurst, and in the following year he served as brigadier-general in See also:Portugal, winning particular distinction by his See also:capture of See also:Valencia d'See also:Alcantara and of See also:Villa Velha. In 1768 he became M.P. for See also:Preston, and for the next few years he occupied himself chiefly with his See also:parliamentary duties, in which he was remarkable for his general outspokenness
and, in particular, for his attacks on Lord See also:Clive. At the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time he devoted much See also:attention to See also:art and See also:drama (his first See also:play, The Maid of the Oaks, being produced by See also:Garrick in 1795), and gambled recklessly. In the army he had by this time become a See also:major-general, and on the outbreak of the See also:American War of See also:Independence he was appointed to a command. In 1777 he was at the See also:head of the British reinforcements designed for the invasion of the colonies from See also:Canada. In this disastrous expedition he gained See also:possession of See also:Ticonderoga (for which he was made a lieutenant-general) and Fort See also:Edward; but, pushing on, was detached from his communications with Canada,and hemmed in by a See also:superior force at See also:Saratoga (q.v.). On the 17th of See also:October his troops, about 3500 in number, laid down their arms. The success was the greatest the colonists had yet gained, and it proved the turning-point in the war. The indignation in See also:England against Burgoyne was See also:great, but perhaps unjust. He returned at once, with the leave of the American general, to defend his conduct, and demanded, but never obtained, a trial. He was deprived of his See also:regiment and a governorship which he held. In 1782, however, when his See also:political See also:friends came into See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office, he was restored to his See also:rank, given a colonelcy, and made See also:commander-in-See also:chief in See also:Ireland and a privy councillor. After the fall of the See also:Rockingham See also:government in 1783, Burgoyne withdrew more and more into private See also:life, his last public service being his participation in the See also:impeachment of See also:Warren See also:Hastings. In his latter years he was principally occupied in See also:literary and dramatic See also:work. His See also:comedy, The Heiress, which appeared in 1786, ran through ten See also:editions within a year, and was translated into several See also:foreign See also:tongues. He died suddenly on the 4th of See also:June 1792. General Burgoyne, whose wife died in June 1776 during his See also:absence in Canada, had several natural See also:children (See also:born between 1782 and 1788) by Susan Caulfield, an See also:opera See also:singer, one of whom became See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
Field See also:Marshal See also:Sir J. F. Burgoyne. His Dramatic and Poetical See also:Works appeared in two vols., 18o8.
See E. B. de See also:Fonblanque, Political and Military Episodes from the Life and See also:Correspondence of Right Hon. J. Burgoyne (1876) ; and W. L. See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
Stone, See also:Campaign of Lieut.-Gen. J. Burgoyne, &c. (See also:Albany, N.Y., 1877).
End of Article: BURGOYNE, JOHN (1722-1792)
Additional information and Comments
There are no comments yet for this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.
Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.
|
del.icio.us it!