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See also:RATRAMNUS (d. c. 868) , a theological controversialist of the second See also:half of the 9th See also:century, was a See also:- MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
- MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
- MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
- MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)
monk of the See also:Benedictine See also:abbey of See also:Corbie near See also:Amiens, but beyond this fact very little of his See also:history has been preserved. He is best known by his See also:treatise on the See also:Eucharist (De corpore et sanguine Domini See also:liber), in which he controverted the See also:doctrine of See also:transubstantiation as taught in a similar See also:work by his contemporary Radbertus Paschasius. Ratramnus sought in a way to reconcile See also:science and See also:religion, whereas Radbertus emphasized the miraculous. Ratramnus's views failed to find See also:acceptance; their author was soon forgotten, and, when the See also:book was condemned at the See also:synod of See also:Vercelli in 1050, it was described as having been written by Johannes Scotus See also:Erigena at the command of See also:Charlemagne. In the See also:Reformation it again saw the See also:light; it was published in 1532 and immediately translated. In the controversy about See also:election, when appealed to by See also:Charles the Bald, Ratramnus wrote two books De praedestinatione Dei, in which he maintained the doctrine of a twofold See also:predestination; nor did the See also:fate of See also:Gottschalk deter him from supporting his view against See also:Hincmar as to the orthodoxy of the expression " trina Deitas. " Ratramnus perhaps won most See also:glory in his own See also:day by his Contra Graecorum opposita, in four books (868), a valued contribution to the controversy between the Eastern and Western Churches which had been raised by the publication of the encyclical See also:letter of See also:Photius in 867. An edition of De corpore et sanguine Domini was published at See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford in 1859.
See the See also:article by G. Steitz and Hauck in Hauck's Realencyklopadie See also:fur protest. Theologie, See also:Band xvi. (See also:Leipzig, 1905) ; Naegle, Ratramnus and See also:die heilige Eucharistic (See also:Vienna, 1903) ; Schnitzer, Berengar von See also:Tours; and A. See also:Harnack, History of See also:Dogma, v., pp. 309–322 (1894-9).
RATTAllI, URBANO (1808-1873), See also:Italian statesman, was borp on the 29th of See also:June 18o8 at See also:Alessandria, and from 1838 practised at the See also:bar. In 1848 he was sent to the chamber of deputies in See also:Turin as representative of his native See also:town. By his debating See also:powers he contributed to the defeat of the See also:Balbo See also:ministry, and for a See also:short See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time held the See also:portfolio of public instruction; afterwards, in the See also:Gioberti See also:cabinet, he became See also:minister of the interior, and on the retirement of the last-named in 1849 he became practically the See also:head of the See also:government. The defeat at See also:Novara compelled the resignation of Rattazzi in See also:March 1849. His election as See also:president of the chamber in 1852 was one of the earliest results of the so-called " connubio
with See also:Cavour, i. e. the See also:union of the moderate men of the Right and of the See also:Left; and having become minister of See also:justice in 18J3 he carried a number of See also:measures of reform, including that for the suppression of certain of the monastic orders. During a momentary reaction of public See also:opinion he resigned See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office in 1858, but again entered the cabinet under La See also:Marmora in 1859 as minister of the interior. In consequence of the negotiations for the cession of See also:Nice and See also:Savoy he again retired in See also:January 186o. He was entrusted with the formation of a new ministry in March 1862, but in consequence of his policy of repression towards See also:Garibaldi at See also:Aspromonte he was driven from office in the following See also:December. He was again See also:prime minister in 1867, from See also:April to See also:October. He died at See also:Frosinone on the 5th of June 1873. His wife, whom he married in 1863, was a remark-able woman. She was the daughter of See also:Sir See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas See also:Wyse, See also:British plenipotentiary at See also:Athens, and Laetitia See also:Bonaparte, niece of See also:Napoleon I. See also:Born in See also:Ireland in 1833, she was educated in See also:Paris, and in 1848 married a See also:rich Alsatian named Solms; but the See also:prince-president refused to recognize her, and in 1852 she was expelled from Paris. Her See also:husband died soon after; and calling herself the Princesse See also:Marie de Solms, she spent her time in various See also:fashion-able places and dabbled in literature, See also:Eugene See also:Sue and See also:Francois See also:Ponsard being prominent in her See also:court of admirers. She published See also:Les Chants de l'exilee (1859) and some novels. After Rattazzi's See also:death, she married (1877) a Spaniard named Rute; she died in See also:February 1902.
See Madame Rattazzi, Rattazzi et son temps (Paris, 1881); See also:Bolton See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King, History of Italian Unity (See also:London, 1899).
End of Article: RATRAMNUS (d. c. 868)
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