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See also:ATHELSTAN (c. 894-940) , Saxon See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king, was the son (probably illegitimate) of See also:Edward the See also:elder. He had been the favourite of his grandfather See also:Alfred, and was brought up in the See also:household of his aunt'Ethelflaed, the " See also:Lady of the Mercians." On the See also:death of his See also:father in 924, at some date after the 12th of See also:November, /Ethelstan succeeded him and was crowned at See also:Kingston shortly after. The See also:succession did not, however, take See also:place without opposition. One /Elfred, probably a descendant of /See also:Ethelred I., formed a See also:plot to seize the king at See also:Winchester; the plot was discovered and £Elfred was sent to See also:Rome to defend himself, but died shortly after. The king's own legitimate See also:brother See also:Edwin made no See also:attempt on the See also:throne, but in 933 he was drowned at See also:sea under somewhat mysterious circumstances; the later chroniclers ascribe his death to foul See also:play on the See also:part of the king, but this seems more than doubtful.
One of rEthelstan's first public acts was to hold a See also:conference at See also:Tamworth with Sihtric, the Scandinavian king of See also:Northumbria, and as a result Sihtric received /Ethelstan's See also:sister in See also:marriage. In the next See also:year Sihtric died and lEthelstan took over the Northumbrian See also:kingdom. He now received, at Dacre in Cumber-See also:land, the submission of all the See also:kings of the See also:island, viz.Howel Dda, king of See also:West See also:Wales, See also:Owen, king of Cumbria, See also:Constantine, king of the Scots, and Ealdred of See also:Bamburgh, and henceforth he calls himself "rex totius Britanniae." About this See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time (the exact See also:chronology is uncertain) /Ethelstan expelled Sihtric's brother
Guthfrith, destroyed the Danish fortress at See also:York, received the submission of the Welsh at See also:Hereford, fixing their boundary along the See also:line of the Wye, and drove the Cornishmen west of the Tamar, fortifying See also:Exeter as an See also:English See also:city.
In 934 he invaded See also:Scotland by land and sea, perhaps owing to an See also:alliance between Constantine and Anlaf Sihtricsson. - The See also:army advanced as far See also:north as Dunottar, in See also:Kincardineshire, while the See also:navy sailed to See also:Caithness. See also:Simeon of See also:Durham speaks of a submission of Scotland as a result; if it ever took place it was a See also:mere See also:form, for three years later we find a See also:great confederacy formed in Scotland against /Ethelstan.
This confederacy of 937 was joined by Constantine, king of Scotland, the Welsh of See also:Strathclyde, and the See also:Norwegian chieftains Anlaf Sihtricsson and Anlaf Godfredsson, who, though they came from See also:Ireland, had powerful English connexions. A great See also:battle was fought at Brunanburh (perhaps Brunswark or Birrenswark See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
hill in S.E. See also:Dumfriesshire), in which /Ethelstan and his brother See also:Edmund were completely victorious. See also:England had been freed from its greatest danger since the days of the struggle of Alfred against See also:Guthrum.
/Ethelstan was the first Saxon king who could claim in any real sense to be See also:lord See also:paramount of See also:Britain. In his charters he is continually called "rex totius Britanniae," and he adopts for the first time the See also:Greek See also:title basileus. This was not merely an idle flourish, for some of his charters are signed by Welsh and Scottish kings as subreguli. Further, /Ethelstan was the first king to bring England into See also:close See also:touch with See also:continental See also:Europe. By the marriage of his See also:half-sisters he was brought into connexion with the See also:chief royal and princely houses of See also:France and See also:Germany. His sister Eadgifu married See also:Charles the See also:Simple, Eadhild became the wife of See also:Hugh the Great, See also:duke of France, Eadgyth was married to the See also:emperor See also:Otto the Great, and her sister lElfgifu to a See also:petty See also:German See also:prince. Embassies passed between sEthelstan and Harold Fairhair, first king of See also:Norway, with the result that Harold's son See also:Haakon was brought up in England and is known in Scandinavian See also:history as Haakon Adalsteinsf6stri.
lEthelstan died at See also:Gloucester in 940, and was buried at See also:Malmesbury, an See also:abbey which he had munificently endowed during his lifetime.
Apparently he was never married, and he certainly had no issue.
A considerable See also:body of See also:law has come down to us in /Ethelstan's name. The chief collections are those issued at Grately in See also:Hampshire, at Exeter, at Thunresfeld, and the Judicia civitatis Lundonie. In the last-named one See also:personal touch is found when the king tells the See also:archbishop how grievous it is to put to death persons of twelve winters for stealing. The king secured the raising of the See also:age limit to fifteen.
End of Article: ATHELSTAN (c. 894-940)
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