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BADMINTON, or GREAT BADMINTON
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See also:BADMINTON, or See also:GREAT BADMINTON , a See also:village in the See also:southern See also:parliamentary See also:division of See also:Gloucestershire, See also:England, too m. W. of See also:London by the Great Western railway (See also:direct See also:line to See also:south See also:Wales). Here is Badminton See also:House, the seat of the See also:dukes of See also:Beaufort, See also:standing in a See also:park some 10 m. in circumference. The See also:manor of Badminton was acquired in 16o8 from See also:Nicolas Boteler (to whose See also:family it had belonged for several centuries) by See also: The Badminton Association in England was founded in 1895, and its See also:laws were framed from a See also:code of rules See also:drawn up in 1887 for the See also:Bath Badminton See also:Club and based on the See also:original See also:Poona (1876) rules. In England the game is almost always played in a covered See also:court. The All England championships for gentlemen's doubles, ladies' doubles, and mixed doubles were instituted in 1899, and for gentlemen's singles and ladies' singles in 'goo; and the first championship between England and See also:Ireland was played in 1904. Badminton may be played by daylight or by artificial See also:light, either with two players on each See also:side (the four-handed or See also:double game) or with one player on each side (the two-handed or single game). The game consists entirely of volleying and is extremely fast, a single at Badminton being admitted to require more staying See also:power than a single at See also:lawn See also:tennis. There is much See also:scope for See also:judgment and skill, e.g. in " dropping " (hitting the See also:shuttle
See also:Diagram of Court.—In the two-handed game, the width of the 36 . court is reduced to 17 ft. and the See also:long service lines are dis-
pensed with, the back boundary lines being used as the long "° service lines, and the lines dividing the See also:half courts being
produced to meet the back boundary lines. The See also:net posts 6 6 are placed either on the side -j boundary lines or at any dis- , tance not exceeding 2 ft. outside 6 6 ; the said lines; thus in the four- .j handed game, the distance between the posts is from 20 to 24 ft., and in the two-handed 13 game, from 17 to 2I ft. N.B.—With the exception of the net line, the dotted lines on the court apply only to the court fors the two-handed game.
gently just over the net) and in " smashing " (hitting the shuttle with a hard downward stroke). The measurements of the court are shown on the accompanying See also:plan.
The Badminton See also: The top of the net should be 5 ft. from Back Boundary Line Long Serl,See also:ice Line Right half See also:Left half court court ; See also:Short Service Line Net Short Service Line Left half Right half! Court court Long See also:Ser+ice Line Back Bouadary Line i r. 40 the ground at the centre and 5 ft. i in. at the posts. The shuttle-See also:cock (or shuttle) has 16 feathers from 21 to 24 in. long, and weighs from 73 to 85 grains. The racket (which is of no specified See also:size, shape or See also:weight) is strung with strong fine gut and weighs as a See also:rule about 6 oz. The game is for 15 or, rarely, for 21 aces, except in ladies' singles, when it is for 11 aces; and a See also:rubber is the best of three See also:games. Games of 2 r aces are played only and always in matches decided by a single game, and generally in See also:handicap contests. The right to choose ends or to serve first in the first game of the rubber is decided by tossing. If the side which wins the toss chooses first service, the other side chooses ends, and See also:vice versa; but the side which wins the toss may See also:call upon the other side to make first choice. The sides See also:change ends at the beginning of the second game, and again at the beginning of the third game, if a third game is necessary. In the third game the sides change ends when the side which is leading reaches 8 in a game of 15 aces, and 6 in a game of rr aces, or, in handicap games, when the See also:score of either side reaches half the number of aces required to win the game. In matches of one game (21 aces) the sides change ends when the side which is leading has scored 11 aces. The side winning a game serves first in the next game, and, in the four-handed game, either player on the side that has won the last game may take first service in the next game. In a game of 15 aces, when the score is " 13 all " the side which first reaches 13 has the See also:option of " setting " the game to 5, and when the score is " 14 all " the side which first reaches 14 has the option of " setting " the game to 3, i.e. the side which first scores 5 or 3 aces, according as the game has been " set " at " 13 all " or " 14 all," wins. In ladies' singles, when the score is " 9 all " the side first reaching 9 may " set " the game to 5, and when the score is " to all " the side which first reaches so may " set " the game to 3. In games of 21 aces, the game may be " set " to 5 at " 19 all " and to 3 at " 20 all." There is no " setting " in handicap games. In the four-handed game, the player who serves first stands in his right-See also:hand half court and serves to the player who is standing in the opposite right-hand half court, the other players meanwhile standing anywhere on their side of the net. As soon as the shuttle is See also:hit by the server's racket, all the players may stand anywhere on their side of the net. If the player served to returns the shuttle, i.e. hits it into any See also:part of his opponents' court before it touches the ground, it has to be returned by one of the " in " (serving) side, and then by one of the " out " (non-serving) side, and so on, until a " See also:fault " is made or the shuttle ceases to be " in See also:play."' If the " in " side makes a " fault," the server loses his " hand " (serve), and the player served to becomes the server; but no score accrues. If the " out " side makes a " fault," the " in " side scores an See also:ace, and the players on the " in " side change half courts, the server then serving from his left half court to the player in the opposite left half court, who has not yet been served to. Only the player served to may take the service, and only the " in " side can score an ace. The first service in each innings is made from the right-hand half court. The side that starts a game has only one " hand " in its first innings; in every subsequent innings each player on each side has a " hand," the partners serving consecutively. While a side remains " in," service is made alternately from each half court into the half court diagonally opposite, the change of half courts taking place whenever an ace is scored. If, in play, the shuttle strikes the net but still goes over, the stroke is See also:good; but if this happens in service and the service is otherwise good, it is a " let," i.e. the stroke does not See also:count, and the server must serve again, even if the shuttle has been struck by the player served to, in which See also:case it is assumed that the shuttle would have fallen into the proper half court. It is a " let," too, if the server, in attempting to serve, misses the shuttle altogether. It is a good stroke, in service or in play, if the shuttle falls on a line, or, in play, if it is followed ' The shuttle is " in play " from the time it is struck by the server's racket until it touches the ground, or touches the net without going over, or until a " fault is made.over the net with the striker's racket, or passes outside either of the net posts and then drops inside any of the boundary lines of the opposite court. Mutatis mutandis, the above remarks apply to the two-handed game, the See also:main points of difference being that, in the two-handed game, both sides change half courts after each ace is scored and the same player takes consecutive serves, whereas in the double game only the servlhg side changes half courts at an added ace and a player may not stake two consecutive serves in the same game. It is a " fault " (a) if the service is overhand, i.e. if the shuttle when struck is higher than the server's See also:waist; (b) if, in serving, the shuttle does not fall into the half court diagonally opposite that from which service is made; (c) if, before the shuttle is struck by the server, both feet of the server and of the player served to are not inside their respective half courts, a See also:foot on a line being deemed out of court; (d) if, in play, the shuttle falls outside the court, or, in service or play, passes through or under the net, or hangs in the net, or touches the roof or side walls of the hall or the See also:person or See also:dress of any player; (e) if the shuttle " in play " is hit before it reaches the striker's side; (f) if, when the shuttle is " in play," a player touches the net or its supports with his racket, person or dress; (g) if the shuttle is struck twice successively by the same player, or if it is struck by a player and his partner successively, or if it is not, distinctly hit, i.e. if it is merely caught on the racket and spooned over the net; (h) if a player wilfully obstructs his opponent. For full See also:information on the laws of thg game the reader is referred to the Laws of Badminton and the Rules of the Badminton Association, published annually (London). See also an See also:article by S. M. See also:Massey in the Badminton See also:Magazine (See also:February 1907), reprinted in a slightly revised See also:form in the Badminton See also:Gazette (See also:November 1go7). Until See also:October 1907 Lawn Tennis and Badminton was the See also:official See also:organ of the Badminton Association; in November 19o7 the Badminton Gazette became the official organ. Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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