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MONMOUTH (Welsh Mynwy)

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 727 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MONMOUTH (Welsh Mynwy) , a municipal and contributory See also:parliamentary See also:borough, and the See also:county See also:town of See also:Monmouthshire, See also:England, 18 m. S. of See also:Hereford, on the See also:Great Western railway. Pop. (1901), 5095. It is picturesquely situated at the confluence of the Wye and the Monnow, between the two See also:rivers, and is almost surrounded by hills. Portions of the town walls remain, and there is a picturesque old gateway on the Monnow See also:bridge; but there are only insignificant ruins of the See also:castle, which was originally a Saxon fortress, and was twice taken by the Parliamentary forces during the See also:Civil See also:War. Besides the churches—that of St See also:Mary, completed in 1882 on an See also:ancient site, and the See also:chapel of St See also:Thomas, a See also:late See also:Norman structure—the See also:principal buildings are the town-See also:hall, the Rolls Hall and the See also:free See also:grammar-school, which was founded in 1614, and educates about 150 boys on the usual lines of a public school. A statue of See also:Henry V., who was See also:born in its castle, stands in the See also:market-See also:place. With See also:Newport and See also:Usk, Monmouth forms the Monmouth parliamentary See also:district of boroughs, returning one member. Monmouth (Monemuta) from the coincidence of position is supposed to be the Blaestium of See also:Antoninus. Situated between the See also:Severn and the Wye its strategic importance was See also:early recognized by the See also:Saxons, who fortified it against the Britons, while in later years it played a leading See also:part in Welsh border warfare. At the See also:time of the Domesday Survey the castle was in the custody of See also:William Fitz Baderon.

Henry III. granted it, together with the lordship of the borough, to his son See also:

Edmund Crouchback, through whose descendants both borough and castle passed into the duchy of See also:Lancaster. Since the 18th See also:century the See also:dukes of See also:Beaufort have been lords of the borough. Monmouth was a borough by See also:prescription as early as 1256, and was governed by a See also:mayor in 1461, but was not incorporated until 1550 under the See also:title of "Mayor, Bailiffs and Commonalty." This See also:charter was confirmed in 1558, 16o6 and 1666, a See also:recorder and town clerk being added to the constitution. In accordance with the See also:act of 1535-1536 Monmouth as county town obtained the right of See also:representation in See also:parliament; the earliest returns existing are for 1553, since which date one member has been returned regularly. Wednesday and Saturday markets were confirmed to Monmouth in 1550, with the further proviso that no others were to be held within five See also:miles of the borough. See also:Friday is now the weekly market-See also:day. At the same time an See also:annual three-days' See also:fair, which still exists, was granted on Whit-Tuesday and successive days. During the 16th and 17th centuries the manufacture of Monmouth caps was an important See also:industry, fostered by legislation and mentioned by See also:Fuller in his Worthies of England. See See also:Charles See also:Heath, The Town of Monmouth (Monmouth, 1804). MONMOUTH, a See also:city and the county=seat of See also:Warren county' See also:Illinois, in the W. part of the See also:state, about 40 M. S. of See also:Rock See also:Island. Pop.

(1890), 5936; (1900), 7460, (594 See also:

foreign-born); (1910), 9128. It is served by the See also:Chicago, See also:Burlington & See also:Quincy and the See also:Iowa Central See also:railways, and by electric railways to See also:Gales-See also:burg and to Rock Island. The city is the seat of Monmouth See also:College (1856; See also:United Presbyterian), which in 1908 had 28 instructors and 454 students. Among the public buildings and institutions are the county See also:court-See also:house, the federal See also:building, a See also:hospital and the Warren county library (1836). Monmouth is situated in a See also:good farming region, and See also:cattle, See also:swine and ponies are raised in the vicinity. The city has various manufactures. Monmouth was settled about 1824, first incorporated as a See also:village in 1836, chartered as a city in 1852 and in 1882 reorganized under a See also:general state See also:law.

End of Article: MONMOUTH (Welsh Mynwy)

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