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COLSTON, EDWARD (1636-1721)

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 736 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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COLSTON, See also:EDWARD (1636-1721) , See also:English philanthropist, the son of See also:William Colston, a See also:Bristol See also:merchant of See also:good position, was See also:born at Bristol on the 2nd of See also:November 1636. He is generally understood to have spent some years of his youth and See also:man-See also:hood as a See also:factor in See also:Spain, with which See also:country his See also:family was See also:long connected commercially, and whence, by means of a See also:trade in wines and oil, See also:great See also:part of his own vast See also:fortune was to come. On his return he seems to have settled in See also:London, and to have See also:bent himselt resolutely to the task of making See also:money. In 1681, the date of his See also:father's decease, he appears as a See also:governor of See also:Christ's See also:hospital, to which See also:noble See also:foundation he afterwards gave frequently and largely. In the same See also:year he probably began to take an active See also:interest in the affairs of Bristol, where he is found about this See also:time embarked in a See also:sugar refinery; and during the See also:remainder of his See also:life he seems to have divided his See also:attention See also:pretty equally between the See also:city of his See also:birth and that of his See also:adoption. In 1682 he appears in the records of the great western See also:port as advancing a sum of £1800 to its needy See also:corporation; in 1683 as "a See also:free See also:burgess and meire (St Kitts) merchant" he was made a member of the Merchant's See also:Hall; and in 1684 he was appointed one of a See also:committee for managing the affairs of See also:Clifton. In 1685 he again appears as the city's creditor for about £2000, repayment of which he is found insisting on in 1686. In 1689 he was chosen auditor by the See also:vestry at See also:Mortlake, where he was residing in an old See also:house once the See also:abode of See also:Ireton and See also:Cromwell. In 1691, on St See also:Michael's See also:Hill, Bristol, at a cost of £8000, he founded an See also:alms-house for the reception of 24 poor men and See also:women, and endowed with See also:accommodation for " Six Saylors," at a cost of £600, the merchant's almshouses in See also:King See also:Street. In 1696, at a cost of £8000, he endowed a foundation for clothing and teaching 40 boys (the books employed were to have in them " no See also:tincture of Whiggism ") ; and six years afterwards he expended a further sum of £1500 in rebuilding the school-house. In 1708; at a cost of £41,200, he built and endowed his great foundation on See also:Saint See also:Augustine's Back, for the instruction, clothing, maintaining and apprenticing of too boys; and in time of scarcity, during this and next year, he transmitted " by a private See also:hand " some £20,000 to the London committee. In 1710, after a See also:poll of four days, he was sent to See also:parliament, to represent, on strictest Tory principles, his native city of Bristol; and in 1713, after three years of silent See also:political life, he resigned this See also:charge.

He died at Mortlake in 1721, having nearly completed his eighty-fifth year; and was buried in All See also:

Saints' See also:church, Bristol. Colston, who was in the See also:habit of bestowing large sums yearly for the See also:release of poor debtors and the See also:relief of indigent See also:age and sickness, and who gave (1711) no less than £6000 to increase See also:Queen See also:Anne's See also:Bounty Fund for the See also:augmentation of small livings, was always keenly interested in the organization and management of his See also:foundations; the rules and regulations were all See also:drawn up by his hand, and the minutest details of their constitution and See also:economy were dictated by him. A high churchman and Tory, with a genuine intolerance of dissent and dissenters, his name and example have served as excuses for the formation of two political benevolent societies—the " See also:Anchor " (founded 1769) and the " See also:Dolphin " (founded 1749),—and also the " Grateful " (founded 1758), whose rivalry has been perhaps as instrumental in keeping their See also:patron's memory See also:green as have the splendid charities with which he enriched his native city (see BRISTOL). See Garrard, Edward Colston, the Philanthropist (4to, Bristol, 1852) ; Pryce, A Popular See also:History of Bristol (1861) ; Manchee, Bristol Charities.

End of Article: COLSTON, EDWARD (1636-1721)

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