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MORE, HENRY (1614-1687)

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 822 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HENRY (1614-1687) , See also:English philosopher of the See also:Cambridge Platonist school, was See also:born at See also:Grantham in 1614. Both his See also:father and his See also:mother, he tells us, were " See also:earnest followers of See also:Calvin," but he himself " could never See also:swallow that hard See also:doctrine." In 1631 he was admitted at See also:Christ's See also:College, Cambridge, about the See also:time See also:Milton was leaving it. He immersed himself " over See also:head and ears in the study of See also:philosophy," and See also:fell for a time into a See also:scepticism, from which he was delivered by a study of the " Platonic writers." He was fascinated especially by See also:Neoplatonism, and this See also:fascination never See also:left him. The Theologia germanica also exerted a permanent See also:influence over him. He took his See also:bachelor's degree in 1635, his See also:master's degree in 1639, and immediately afterwards was chosen See also:fellow of his college. All other preferment he refused, with one exception. Fifteen years after the Restoration he accepted a prebend in See also:Gloucester See also:Cathedral, but only to resign it in favour of his friend Dr See also:Edward See also:Fowler, afterwards See also:bishop of Gloucester. He would not accept the mastership of his college, to which, it is understood, he would have been preferred in 1654, when See also:Cudworth was appointed. He See also:drew around him many See also:young men of a refined and thoughtful turn of mind, but among all his pupils the most interesting was a young See also:lady of See also:noble See also:family. This lady, probably a See also:sister of See also:Lord See also:Finch, subsequently See also:earl of See also:Nottingham, a well-known statesman of the Restoration, afterwards became Lady See also:Conway, and at her See also:country seat at Ragley in See also:Warwick-See also:shire More continued at intervals to spend " a considerable See also:part of his time." She and her See also:husband both appreciated him, and amidst the See also:woods of this See also:retreat he composed several of his books. The spiritual See also:enthusiasm of Lady Conway was a considerable See also:factor in some of More's speculations, none the less that she at length joined the See also:Quakers. She became the friend not only of More and See also:Penn, but of See also:Baron See also:van See also:Helmont and See also:Valentine Greatrakes, mystical thaumaturgists of the 17th See also:century.

Ragley became a centre not only of devotion but of wonder-working See also:

spiritualism.' From this, his See also:genius suffered, and the rationality which distinguishes his earlier is much less conspicuous in his later See also:works. He was a voluminous writer both in See also:verse and in See also:prose, but his works, except the Divine Dialogues (1688), are now of little See also:interest. This See also:treatise, animated and sometimes brilliant, is valuable for See also:modern readers in that it condenses his See also:general view of philosophy and See also:religion. Henry More represents the mystical and theosophic See also:side of the Cambridge See also:movement. The Neoplatonic extravagances which See also:lay hidden in the school from the first came in his writings to a head, and merged in pure phantasy. He can never be spoken of, however, See also:save as a spiritual genius and a significant figure in See also:British philosophy, less robust and in some respects less learned than Cudworth, but more interesting and fertile in thought, and more genial in See also:character. From youth to See also:age he describes him-self as gifted with a buoyant See also:temper. His own thoughts were to him a never-ending source of pleasurable excitement. This mystical See also:elevation was the See also:chief feature of his character, a certain ' The See also:place and its religious marvels are glanced at in the See also:romance of See also:John Inglesant (ch. xv.).radiancy of thought which carried him beyond the See also:common See also:life without raising him to any artificial height, for his humility and charity were not less conspicuous than his piety. The last ten years of his life were uneventful. He died on the 1st of See also:September 1687, and was buried in the See also:chapel of the college he loved. Before his See also:death More issued See also:complete See also:editions of his works, his See also:Opera theologica in 1675, and his Opera philosophica in 1678.

The chief authorities for his life are See also:

Ward's Life (171o) ; the prefatio generalissima prefixed to his Opera omnia (1679) ; and also a general See also:account of the manner and See also:scope of his writings in an See also:Apology published in 1664. The collection of his Philosophical Poems (1647), in which he has " compared his chief speculations and experiences," should also be consulted. An elaborate See also:analysis of his life and works is given in See also:Tulloch's Rational See also:Theology, vol. ii. (1874) ; see also R. See also:Zimmermann, Henry More and See also:die vierte See also:Dimension See also:des Raums (See also:Vienna, 1881).

End of Article: MORE, HENRY (1614-1687)

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