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SARAWAK , a See also:state situated in the See also:north-See also:west of See also:Borneo; See also:area , 55,000 sq. m.; pop. about 500,600. The See also:coast See also:line extends from Tanjong Datu, a prominent cape in 20 3' N., northwards to the mouth of the See also:river Lawas 5° 10' N. and 115° 30' W., the whole length of the coast line being about 440 M. in a straight line;
See also:head-See also:hunting has been entirely suppressed by the See also:government, See also:save for occasional outbreaks among the See also:Dyaks.
The government consists of the See also:raja (the See also:succession is hereditary) who is See also:absolute; assisted by a supreme See also:council of seven, consisting of the three See also:chief See also:European officials and four See also:Malay magistrates, nominated by him. There is also a See also:general council of fifty which meets every three years. It includes, besides European and Malay officials, native chiefs chosen from all the See also:principal tribes of the See also:country. The whole country comprises four administrative divisions, each of these being subdivided into several districts. The first See also:division consists of Sarawak proper, which comprises the districts of the river Sarawak, and those of Lundu and Sadong. The second division is formed by the Batang Lupar, Saribas and Kelakah districts. The third division consists of the Rejang, Mukah, Oya and Bintulu; the See also:fourth of the Baram, Limbang, Trusan and Lawas districts. The military force—some 250 men, Dyaks and Sikhs—is under the See also:control of an See also:English command-See also:- ANT
- ANT (O. Eng. aemete, from Teutonic a, privative, and maitan, cut or bite off, i.e. " the biter off "; aemete in Middle English became differentiated in dialect use to (mete, then amte, and so ant, and also to emete, whence the synonym " emmet," now only u
ant. There is also a small See also:police force, and the government possesses a few small See also:steam vessels. The See also:civil service is regularly organized and pensioned. The See also:superior posts, about 5o in number, are filled by Englishmen. There are both See also:Roman See also:Catholic and See also:Protestant See also:missions in Sarawak, the latter forms See also:part of the see of the See also:bishop of See also:Singapore. Sarawak is easily accessible from Singapore, whence the passage occupies about See also:forty-six See also:hours: steamers run at intervals of seven days. The coast is well lighted, lighthouses having been built and maintained in See also:good See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order at Tanjong Po, Sirik, Mukah, Oya, Tanjong, Kidurong, Baram Mouth and Brooketon. The See also:climate is equable, the daily temperature ranging on the See also:average between 70° and 9o°. The nights are generally cool. The rainfall averages about 200 in. annually, it is heaviest during the north-See also:east See also:monsoon (See also:October–See also:March), but continues through the See also:south-west monsoon, which blows for the See also:rest of the See also:year.
See also:History.—In 1839–184o Sarawak (which then comprised only the districts now constituting the first and second divisions), the most See also:southern See also:province of the sultanate of See also:Brunei, was in See also:rebellion against the tyranny of the Malay officials, insufficiently controlled by the raja Muda Hassim. The insurgents held out at Blidah fort in the Siniawan See also:district, and there See also:Sir See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James See also:Brooke first took part in the affairs of the territory. By his assistance the insurrection was suppressed, and on See also:September 24th Muda Hassim resigned in his favour and he became raja of Sarawak. In 1843–1844 See also:Captain (afterwards See also:Admiral Sir See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry) See also:Keppel (q.v.) and Raja Brooke expelled the Malay and Dyak pirates from the Saribas and Batang Lupar See also:rivers, and See also:broke up the fleets of Lanun pirates, which, descending from the Sulu Islands and the territory which is now See also:British North Borneo, had See also:long been the See also:scourge of the seas.
In 1857 the See also:Chinese, who for many generations had been working the alluvial deposits of See also:gold in Upper Sarawak, sacked Kuching, killed two or three of the English residents and seized the government; Raja Brooke narrowly escaping with his See also:life. His See also:nephew, afterwards raja, quickly raised a force of See also:Malays and Dyaks in the Batang Lupar district and suppressed the insurrection, See also:driving the See also:main See also:body of the rebels out of the Sarawak territory. Raja Sir See also:Charles See also:- JOHNSON, ANDREW
- JOHNSON, ANDREW (1808–1875)
- JOHNSON, BENJAMIN (c. 1665-1742)
- JOHNSON, EASTMAN (1824–1906)
- JOHNSON, REVERDY (1796–1876)
- JOHNSON, RICHARD (1573–1659 ?)
- JOHNSON, RICHARD MENTOR (1781–1850)
- JOHNSON, SAMUEL (1709-1784)
- JOHNSON, SIR THOMAS (1664-1729)
- JOHNSON, SIR WILLIAM (1715–1774)
- JOHNSON, THOMAS
Johnson Brooke (b. 1829) succeeded his See also:uncle at his See also:death in 1868 ; in 1888 he was created G.C.M.G. and Sarawak was made a British See also:Protectorate, and in 1904 the position of his See also:highness as raja of Sarawak was formally recognized by See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King See also:Edward. His eldest son, the raja Muda (Charles Vyner Brooke, b. 1874), has for some years taken part in the See also:administration of the country.
The extent of the raj of Sarawak, at the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time when Sir James Brooke became its ruler, was not more than 7000 sq. m.; since that time the basins of the four rivers, Rejang, Muka, Baram and Trusan, have been added. The See also:sultan of Brunei, who claimed See also:suzerainty over them, ceded them on successive occasions in See also:consideration of See also:annual See also:money payments. A few years after these cessions had been made many of the See also:people of the river Limbang See also:rose in rebellion against the sultan, and their territory was annexed by Sarawak, with the subsequentapproval of the British government. In 1905 the See also:basin of yet another river, the Lawas, was added to the See also:northern end of Sarawak, the territory being acquired by See also:purchase from the British North Borneo See also:Company.
See Charles Brooke, Ten Years in Sarawak (1866) ; Gertrude L. See also:Jacob, The Raja of Sarawak (1876); See also:Spencer St See also:John, Life in the Forests of the Far East (1862), and Life of Sir James Brooke (1879); "Notes on Sarawak" in Proc.See also:Roy.Geogr.See also:Soc. (1881), by W.M.Crocker; " In the See also:Heart of Borneo," Proc. Roy. Geogr. Soc. (See also:July 1900), by Charles See also:Hose; and The Far Eastern Tropics (1905), by Alleyne See also:Ireland. (C.
End of Article: SARAWAK
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