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FAIRFAX OF CAMERON, FERDINANDO FAIRFA...

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 131 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FAIRFAX OF See also:CAMERON, FERDINANDO FAIRFAX, 2ND See also:BARON (1584-1648) , See also:English See also:parliamentary See also:general, was a son of See also:Thomas Fairfax of See also:Denton (156o-1640), who in 1627 was created Baron Fairfax of Cameron in the See also:peerage of See also:Scotland. See also:Born on the 29th of See also:March 1584, he obtained his military See also:education in the See also:Netherlands, and was member of See also:parliament for See also:Boroughbridge during the six parliaments which met between 1614 and 1629 and also during the See also:Short Parliament of 1640. In May 164o he succeeded his See also:father as Baron Fairfax, but being a Scottish peer he sat in the English See also:House of See also:Commons as one of the representatives of See also:Yorkshire during the See also:Long Parliament from 1649 until his See also:death; he took the See also:side of the parliament, but held moderate views and desired to maintain the See also:peace. In the first Scottish See also:war Fairfax had commanded a See also:regiment in the See also:king's See also:army; then on the outbreak of the See also:Civil War in 1642 he was made See also:commander of the parliamentary forces in See also:York-See also:shire, with See also:Newcastle as his opponent. Hostilities began after the repudiation of a treaty of See also:neutrality entered into by Fairfax with the Royalists. At first he met with no success. He was driven from York, where he was besieging the Royalists, to See also:Selby; then in 1643 to See also:Leeds; and after beating off an attack at that See also:place he was totally defeated on the 3oth of See also:June at Adwalton See also:Moor. He escaped to See also:Hall, which he successfully defended against Newcastle from the 2nd of See also:September till the 11th of See also:October, and by means of a brilliant sally caused the See also:siege to be raised. Fairfax was victorious at Selby on the 11th of See also:April 1644, and joining the Scots besieged York, after which he was See also:present at See also:Marston Moor, where he commanded the See also:infantry and was routed. He was subsequently, in See also:July, made See also:governor of York and charged with the further reduction of the See also:county. In See also:December he took the See also:town of See also:Pontefract, but failed to secure the See also:castle. He resigned his command on the passing of the Self-denying See also:Ordinance, but remained a member of the See also:committee for the See also:government of Yorkshire, and was appointed, on the 24th of July 1645, steward of the See also:manor of Pontefract.

He died from an See also:

accident on the 14th of March 1648 and was buried at See also:Bolton See also:Percy. He was twice married, and by his first wife, See also:Mary, daughter of See also:Edmund See also:Sheffield, 3rd See also:Lord Sheffield (afterwards 1st See also:earl of See also:Mulgrave), he had six daughters and two sons, Thomas, who succeeded him as 3rd baron, and See also:Charles, a See also:colonel of See also:horse, who was killed at Marston Moor. During his command in Yorkshire, Fairfax engaged in a See also:paper war with Newcastle, and wrote The See also:Answer of Ferdinando, Lord Fairfax, to a See also:Declaration of See also:William, earl of Newcastle (1642; printed in See also:Rushworth, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 139); he also published A See also:Letter from . . . Lord Fairfax to . . . See also:Robert, Earl of See also:Essex (1643), describing the victorious sally at See also:Hull.

End of Article: FAIRFAX OF CAMERON, FERDINANDO FAIRFAX, 2ND BARON (1584-1648)

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