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PICO DELLA MIRANDOLA, GIOVANNI, COUNT...

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Originally appearing in Volume V21, Page 585 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PICO DELLA See also:MIRANDOLA, GIOVANNI, See also:COUNT (1463-1494) , See also:Italian philosopher and writer, the youngest son of Giovanni See also:Francesco Pico, See also:prince of Mirandola, a small territory about ferricyanide in alkaline See also:solution (P. Hepp, See also:Ann. 1882, 215, 3o Italian See also:miles See also:west of See also:Ferrara, afterwards absorbed in the duchy of See also:Modena, was See also:born on the 24th of See also:February 1463. The See also:family was illustrious and wealthy, and claimed descent from See also:Constantine. In his fourteenth See also:year Pico went to See also:Bologna, where he studied for two years, and was much occupied with the See also:Decretals. The traditional studies of the See also:place, however, disgusted him; and he spent seven years wandering through all the See also:schools of See also:Italy and See also:France and See also:collecting a See also:precious library. Besides See also:Greek and Latin he knew See also:Hebrew, See also:Chaldee and Arabic; and his Hebrew teachers (Eliah del Medigo. See also:Leo Abarbanel and Jochanan See also:Aleman—see L. Geiger Johann See also:Reuchlin (1871),p. 167) introduced him to the See also:Kabbalah, which had See also:great fascinations for one who loved all mystic and theosophic See also:speculation. His learned wanderings ended (1486) at See also:Rome, where he set forth for public disputation a See also:list of nine See also:hundred questions and conclusions in all branches of See also:philosophy and See also:theology. He remained a year in Rome, but the disputation he proposed was never held.

The See also:

pope prohibited the little See also:book in which they were contained, and Pico had to defend the impugned theses (De omni re scibili) in an elaborate Apologia. His See also:personal orthodoxy was, however, subsequently vindicated by a brief of See also:Alexander VI., dated 18th See also:June 1493. The suspected theses included such points as the following : that See also:Christ descended ad inferos not in His real presence but quoad effectum; that no See also:image or See also:cross should receive latreia even in the sense allowed by See also:Thomas; that it is more reasonable to regard See also:Origen as saved than as damned; that it is not in a See also:man's See also:free will to believe or disbelieve an See also:article of faith as he pleases. But perhaps the most startling thesis was that no See also:science gives surer conviction of the divinity of Christ than " magia " (i.e. the knowledge of the secrets of the heavenly bodies) and Kabbalah. Pico was the first to seek in the Kabbalah a See also:proof of the See also:Christian mysteries and it was by him that Reuchlin was led into the same delusive path. Pico had been up to this See also:time a See also:gay Italian nobleman; he was tall, handsome, See also:fair-complexioned, with keen See also:grey eyes and yellow See also:hair, and a great favourite with See also:women. But his troubles led him to more serious thoughts; and he published, in his 28th year, the Heptaplus, a mystical exposition of the creation. Next he planned a great seven-See also:fold See also:work against the enemies of the See also:Church, of which only the See also:section directed against See also:astrology was completed. After leaving Rome he again lived a wandering See also:life, often visiting See also:Florence, to which he was See also:drawn by his See also:friends See also:Politian and Marsilius Ficinus, and where also he came under the See also:influence of See also:Savonarola. It was at Florence that he died on the 17th of See also:November 1494. Three years before his See also:death he parted with his See also:share of the ancestral principality, and designed, when certain See also:literary plans were completed, to give away all he had and wander barefoot through the See also:world See also:preaching Christ. But these plans were cut See also:short by a See also:fever which carried him off just at the time when See also:Charles VIII. was at Florence.

Pico's See also:

works cannot now be read with much See also:interest, but the man himself is still interesting, partly from his influence on Reuchlin and partly from the spectacle of a truly devout mind in the brilliant circle of See also:half-See also:pagan scholars of the Florentine See also:renaissance. His works were published at Bologna in 1496 by his See also:nephew, Giov. Fran. Pico, with a See also:biography, which was translated by See also:Sir Thomas More as Life of See also:John See also:Picus, See also:Earl of Mirandola, in 151o. See the See also:essay in See also:Walter See also:Pater's Renaissance (1878) ; and the study by J. See also:Rigg, prefixed to the reprint of More's Life in the " "Tudor Library " (See also:London, 1890).

End of Article: PICO DELLA MIRANDOLA, GIOVANNI, COUNT (1463-1494)

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