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TAVISTOCK , a See also:market See also:town in the Tavistock See also:parliamentary See also:division of See also:Devonshire, See also:England, in the valley of the Tavy, on the western border of See also:Dartmoor; 162 m. N. of See also:Plymouth, on the See also:Great Western and the See also:London and See also:South Western See also:railways. Pop. of See also:urban See also:district (1901), 4728. There are some remains (including a portion in the square, now used as a public library established in 1799) of the magnificent See also:abbey of St See also:Mary and St Rumen, founded in 961 by Orgar, See also:earl of See also:Devon. After destruction by the Danes in 997 it was restored, and among its famous abbots were Lyfing, friend of Canute, and See also:Aldred, who crowned Harold II. and See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William, and died See also:archbishop of See also:York. The abbey See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church was rebuilt in 1285, and the greater
See also:part of the abbey in 1457-58. The church of St Eustachius See also:dates from 1318, and possesses a lofty See also:tower supported on four
open See also:arches. Within are monuments to the Glanville and See also:Bourchier families, besides some See also:good stained See also:glass, one window being the See also:work of William See also:Morris. See also:Kelly See also:College, near the town, was founded by See also:Admiral See also:Benedictus 1\Iarwood Kelly, and opened in 1877 for the See also:education of his descendants and the See also:orphan sons of See also:naval See also:officers. Mines of See also:copper, See also:manganese, See also:lead, See also:silver and See also:tin are in the neighbourhood, and the town possesses a considerable See also:trade in See also:cattle and See also:corn, and See also:industries in See also:brewing and See also:iron-See also:founding. The See also:mining See also:industry generally
has declined, but there is a trade in See also:arsenic, extracted from the copper ore.
The See also:early See also:history of Tavistock (Tavistoke) centres See also:round the abbey of St Rumon. Both town and abbey were sacked by the Danes in 997, but were shortly aft erwards rebuilt, and the latter at the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of the See also:Conquest ranked as the wealthiest See also:house in Devon, including the See also:hundred and See also:manor of Tavistock among its possessions. Tavistock was governed from before the Conquest by a portreeve, who in the 14th See also:century was assisted by a select See also:council of burgesses, styled in r66o " the Masters of the Toune and See also:Parish of Tavistock." It returned two members to See also:parliament as a See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough from 1295 until deprived of one member by the See also:act of 1867, and finally disfranchised
by that of 1885, but no See also:charter of See also:corporation was granted until 1683, when See also:Charles II. instituted a governing See also:body of a See also:mayor, twelve aldermen and twelve assistants; with a See also:recorder, See also:deputy recorder, See also:common clerk and two sergeants-at-See also:mace. A market on See also:Friday and a three days' See also:fair at the feast of St Rumon were granted by See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry I. to the monks of Tavistock; and in 1552 two fairs on See also:April 23 and See also:November 28 were granted by See also:Edward VI. to the earl of See also:Bedford, then See also:lord of the manor. In the 17th century great quantities of See also:cloth were sold at the Friday market, and four fairs were held at the feasts of St See also:Michael, the See also:Epiphany, St See also:Mark, and the Decollation of St See also:John the Baptist. The charter of Charles II. instituted a Tuesday market and fairs on the See also:Thursday after See also:Whitsunday and at the feast of St Swithin. In 1822 the old fairs were abolished in favour of six fairs on the second Wednesdays in May, See also:July, See also:September, See also:October, November and See also:December. The Friday market is still held. Tavistock was one of the four stannary towns appointed by charter of Edward I., at which tin was stamped and weighed, and monthly courts were held for the regulation of mining affairs. It was also the site of one of the earliest See also:printing-presses, and copies of the stannary See also:laws and of a See also:translation of Boethius issued from the Tavistock See also:press in the reign of Henry VIII. are preserved in See also:Exeter College library. The decay of the woollen industry at Tavistock was attributed by the inhabitants in 1641 to the dread of the See also:Turks at See also:sea and of popish plots at See also:home. The trade is now See also:extinct. The copper-mining industry has much declined. The Royalist troops were quartered here in 1643 after the defeat of the Parliamentary forces at Bradock Down.
See See also:Victoria See also:County History, Devonshire; A. J. See also:Kempe, Notices of Tavistock and its Abbey (London, 183o) ; R. N. See also:Worth, See also:Calendar of Tavistock Parish Records (Plymouth, 1887).
End of Article: TAVISTOCK
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