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See also:ARTHUR III . (1393–1458), See also:earl of See also:Richmond, See also:- CONSTABLE (0. Fr. connestable, Fr. connetable, Med. Lat. comestabilis, conestabilis, constabularius, from the Lat. comes stabuli, count of the stable)
- CONSTABLE, ARCHIBALD (1774-1827)
- CONSTABLE, HENRY (1562-1613)
- CONSTABLE, JOHN (1776-1837)
- CONSTABLE, SIR MARMADUKE (c. 1455-1518)
constable of See also:France, and afterwards See also:duke of See also:Brittany, was the third son of See also:John IV., duke of Brittany, and See also:Joan of See also:Navarre, afterwards the wife of See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry IV. of See also:England. His See also:brother, John V., gave him his earldom of Richmond in England. While still very See also:young, he took See also:part in the See also:civil See also:wars which desolated France during the reign of See also:Charles VI. From 1410 to 1414 he served on the See also:side of the Armagnacs, and afterwards entered the service of See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis the dauphin, whose intimate friend he became. He profited by his position at See also:court to obtain the lieutenancy of the See also:Bastille, the governorship of the duchy of See also:Nemours, and the confiscated territories of See also:Jean Larcheveque, seigneur of See also:Parthenay. His efforts to reduce the latter were, however, interrupted by the See also:necessity of marching against the See also:English. At See also:Agincourt he was wounded and captured, and remained a prisoner in England from 1415 to 1420. Released on See also:parole, he gained the favour of See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King Henry V. by persuading his brother, the duke of Brittany, to conclude the treaty of See also:Troyes, by which France was handed over to the English king. He was rewarded with the countship of Ivry.
In 1423 Arthur married See also:Margaret of See also:Burgundy, widow of the dauphin Louis, and became thus the brother-in-See also:law of See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip the See also:Good of Burgundy, and of the See also:regent, the duke of See also:Bedford. Offended, however, by Bedford's refusal to give him a high command, he severed his connexion with the English, and in See also:March 1425 accepted the constable's See also:sword from King Charles VII.
He now threw himself with ardour into the See also:French cause, and persuaded his brother, John V. of Brittany, to conclude with Charles VII. the treaty of See also:Saumur (See also:October 7, 1425). But though he saw clearly enough the See also:measures necessary for success, he lacked the means to carry them out. In the See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field he met with a whole See also:series of reverses; and at court, where his rough and overbearing See also:manners made him disliked, his See also:influence was over-shadowed by that of a series of incompetent favourites. The See also:peace concluded between the duke of Brittany and the English in See also:September 1427 led to his See also:expulsion from the court, where Georges de la Tremoille, whom he himself had recommended to the king, remained supreme for six years, during which Richmond tried in vain to overthrow him. In the meantime, in See also:June 1429, he joined Joan of Arc at See also:- ORLEANS
- ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
- ORLEANS, DUKES OF
- ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
- ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
- ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
- ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
- ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
- ORLEANS, PHILIP I
- ORLEANS, PHILIP II
Orleans, and fought in several battles under her banner, till the influence of La Tremoille forced his withdrawal from the See also:army. On the 5th of March 1432 Charles VII. concluded with him and with Brittany the treaty of See also:Rennes; but it was not until June of the following See also:year that La Tremoille was overthrown. Arthur now resumed the See also:war against the English, and at the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time took vigorous measures against the plundering bands of soldiers and peasants known as routiers or ecorcheurs. On the loth of September 1435, mainly as a result of his See also:diplomacy, was signed the treaty of See also:Arras between Charles VII, and the duke of Burgundy, to which France owed her salvation.
On the 13th of See also:April 1436, Arthur took See also:Paris from the English; but he was See also:ill seconded by the king, and hampered by the necessity for leading frequent expeditions against the ecorcheurs; it was not till May 1444 that the See also:armistice of See also:Tours gave him leisure to carry out the reorganization of the army which he had See also:long projected. He now created the compagnies d'ordonnance, and endeavoured to organize the See also:militia of the francs archers. This reform had its effect in the struggles that followed. In See also:alliance with his See also:nephew, the duke of Brittany, he reconquered, during September and October 1449, nearly all the Cotentin; on the 15th of April 1450 he gained over the English the See also:battle of Formigny; and during the year he recovered for France the whole of See also:Normandy, which for the next six or seven years it was his task to defend from English attacks.
On the See also:death of his nephew See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter II., on the 22nd of September 1457, he became duke of Brittany, and though retaining his See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of constable of France, he refused, like his predecessors, to do See also:homage to the French king for his duchy. He reigned little more than a year, dying on the 26th of See also:December 1458, and was succeeded by his nephew See also:Francis II., son of his brother See also:Richard, See also:count of See also:Etampes.
Arthur was three times married: (1) to Margaret of Burgundy, duchess of See also:Guienne (d. 1442); (2) to Jeanne d'See also:Albret, daughter of Charles II. of Albret (d. 1444) ; (3) to See also:Catherine of See also:Luxemburg, daughter of Peter of Luxemburg, count of St Poi, who survived him. He See also:left no legitimate See also:children.
End of Article: ARTHUR III
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