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See also:MANUEL II . See also:PALAEOLOGUS (1350-1425), See also:Byzantine See also:emperor from 1391 to 1425, was See also:born in 1350. At the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of' his See also:father's See also:death he was a See also:hostage at the See also:court of Bayezid at See also:Brusa, but succeeded in making his See also:- ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli
escape; he was forthwith besieged in See also:Constantinople by the See also:sultan, whose victory over the Christians at See also:Nicopolis, however (See also:Sept. 28, 1396), did not secure for him the See also:capital. Manuel subsequently set out in See also:person to seek help from the See also:West, and for this purpose visited See also:Italy, See also:France, See also:Germany and See also:England, but without material success; the victory of Timur in 1402, and the death of Bayezid in the following See also:year were the first events to give him a genuine See also:respite from See also:Ottoman oppression. He stood on friendly terms with Mahommed I., but was again besieged in his capital by See also:Murad II. in 1422. Shortly before his death he was forced to sign_ an agreement whereby the Byzantine See also:empire undertook to pay
Dom Luiz de Mello, drove him See also:early to soldiering, and having joined a contingent for the See also:Flanders See also:war, he found himself in the historic See also:storm of See also:January 1627, when the pick of the Portuguese See also:fleet suffered shipwreck in the See also:Bay of See also:Biscay: He spent much of the next ten years of his See also:life in military routine See also:work in the See also:Peninsula, varied by visits to the court of See also:Madrid, where he contracted a friendship with the See also:Spanish poet Quevedo and earned the favour of the powerful See also:minister See also:Olivares. In 1637 the latter despatched him in See also:company with the See also:conde de Linhares on a See also:mission to pacify the revolted See also:city of See also:Evora, and on the same occasion the See also:duke of See also:Braganza, afterwards See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King See also:John IV. (for whom he acted as confidential See also:agent at Madrid), employed him to satisfy King See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip of his See also:loyalty to the Spanish See also:crown. In the following year he suffered a See also:short imprisonment in See also:Lisbon. In 1639 he was appointed See also:colonel of one of the regiments raised for service in Flanders, aad in See also:June that year he took a leading See also:part in defending See also:Corunna against a See also:French fleet commanded by the See also:archbishop of See also:Bordeaux, while in the following See also:August he directed the embarcation of an expeditionary force of 10,000 men when See also:Admiral Oquendo sailed with seventy See also:ships to meet the French and Dutch. He came safely through the See also:naval defeat in the channel suffered by the Spaniards at the hands of See also:Van See also:Tromp, and on the outbreak of the Catalonian See also:rebellion became See also:chief of the See also:staff to the See also:commander-in-chief of the royal forces, and was selected to write an See also:account of the See also:campaign, the Historia de la guerra de Cataluna, which became a Spanish classic. On the See also:proclamation of Portuguese See also:independence in 164o he was imprisoned by See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order of Olivares, and when released hastened to offer his See also:sword to John IV. He travelled to England, where he spent some time at the court of See also:Charles I., and thence passing over to See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland assisted the Portuguese See also:ambassador to equip a fleet in aid of See also:Portugal, and himself brought it safely to Lisbon in See also:October 1641. For the next three years he was employed in various important military commissions and further busied himself in defending by his See also:pen the king's See also:title to his newly acquired See also:throne. An intrigue with the beautiful countess of See also:Villa Nova, and her See also:husband's See also:jealousy, led to his See also:arrest on the 19th of See also:November 1644 on a false See also:charge of assassination, and he See also:lay in See also:prison about nine years. Though his innocence was clear, the court of his Order, that of See also:Christ, influenced by his enemies, deprived him of his commenda and sentenced him to perpetual banishment in See also:India with a heavy See also:money See also:fine, and the king would not intervene to See also:save him. Owing perhaps to the intercession of the See also:queen See also:regent of France and other powerful See also:friends, his See also:sentence was finally commuted into one of See also:- EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)
exile to See also:Brazil. During his See also:long imprisonment he finished and printed his See also:history of the Catalonian War, and also wrote and published a See also:volume of Spanish verses and some religious See also:treatises, and composed in Portuguese a volume of homely See also:philosophy, the Carta dc Guia de Casados and a Memorial in his own See also:defence to the king, which Herculano considered " perhaps the most eloquent piece of reasoning in the See also:language." During his exile in Brazil, whither he sailed on the 17th of See also:April 16J5, he lived at See also:Bahia, where he wrote one of his Epanaphoras de See also:varia historia and two parts of his masterpiece, the Apologos dialogaes. He returned See also:home in 1659, and from then until 1663 we find him on and off in Lisbon, frequenting the celebrated Academia dos Generosos, of which he was five times elected See also:president. In the last year he proceeded to See also:Parma and See also:Rome, by way of England, and France, and See also:Alphonso VI. charged him to negotiate with the See also:Curia about the See also:provision of bishops for Portuguese See also:sees and to See also:report on suitable marriages for the king and his See also:brother. During his stay in Rome he published his Obras morales, dedicated to Queen See also:Catherine, wife of Charles II. of England, and his Cartas familiares. On his way back to Portugal he printed his Obras metricas at See also:Lyons in May 1665, and he died in Lisbon the following year.
Manuel de Mello's early Spanish verses are tainted with Gongorism, but his Portuguese sonnets and cartas on moral subjects are notable for their See also:power, sincerity: and perfection of See also:form. He strove successfully to emancipate himself from See also:foreign faults of See also:style, and by virtue of his native See also:genius, and hisknowledge of the traditional See also:poetry of the See also:people, and the best Quinhentista See also:models, he became Portugal's leading lyric poet and See also:prose writer of the 17th See also:century. As with See also:Camoens, imprisonments and exile contributed to make Manuel de Mello a See also:great writer. His Letters, addressed to the leading nobles, ecclesiastics, diplomats and literati of the time, are written in a conversational style, lighted up by flashes of wit and enriched with apposite illustrations and quotations. His See also:commerce with the best authors appears in the See also:Hospital See also:des lettras, a brilliant See also:chapter of See also:criticism forming part of the Apologos dialogaes. His See also:comedy in redondilhas, the Auto do Fidalgo Aprendiz, is one of the last and quite the worthiest See also:production of the school of Gil See also:Vicente, and may be considered an anticipation of See also:Moliere's Le See also:Bourgeois gentilhomme.
There is no See also:uniform edition of his See also:works, but a See also:list of them will be found in his Obras morales, and the various See also:editions are set out in Innocencio da See also:Silva's Diccionario bibliographico portuguez. See Dom Francisco Manuel de Mello, his Life and Writings, by See also:Edgar Prestage (See also:Manchester, 1905), " D. Francisco Manuel de Mello, documentos biographicos " and " D. Francisco Manuel de Mello, obras autographas, e ineditas," by the same writer, in the Archivo historico portuguez for 1909. Manuel de Mello's prose style is considered at length by G. Cirot in See also:Mariana historien (Bordeaux, 1905), pp. 378 seq. (E.
End of Article: MANUEL II
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