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OLDHAM, JOHN (1653–1683)

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 73 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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OLDHAM, See also:JOHN (1653–1683) , See also:English satirist, son of a Presbyterian See also:minister, was See also:born at See also:Shipton Moyne, near Tetbury, See also:Gloucestershire, on the 9th of See also:August 1653. He graduated from St See also:Edmund See also:Hall, See also:Oxford, in 1674, and was for three years an See also:usher in a school at See also:Croydon. Some of his verses attracted the See also:attention of the See also:town, and the See also:earl of See also:Rochester, with See also:Sir See also:Charles See also:Sedley and other wits, came down to see him. The visit did not affect his career apparently, for he stayed at Croy-See also:don until 1681, when he became See also:tutor to the grandsons of Sir See also:Edward Thurland, near See also:Reigate. Meanwhile he had tried, he says, to conquer his inclination for the unprofitable See also:trade of See also:poetry, but in the panic caused by the revelations of See also:Titus See also:Oates, he found an opportunity for the exercise of his See also:gift for rough See also:satire. See also:Garnet's See also:Ghost was published as a See also:broadside in 1679, but the other Satires on the See also:Jesuits, although written at the same See also:time, were not printed until 1681. The success of these dramatic and unsparing invectives apparently gave Oldham See also:hope that he might become See also:independent of teaching. But his undoubted services to the See also:Country Party brought no See also:reward from its leaders. He became tutor to the son of Sir See also:William See also:Hickes, and was eventually glad to accept the patronage of William See also:Pierrepont, earl of See also:Kingston, whose kindly offer of a chaplaincy he had refused earlier. He died at Holme-Pierrepoint, near See also:Nottingham, on the 9th of See also:December 1683, of smallpox. Oldham took See also:Juvenal for his See also:model, and in breadth of treatment and See also:power of invective surpassed his English predecessors. He was See also:original in the dramatic setting provided for his satires.

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Thomas Garnet, who suffered for supposed implication in the See also:Gunpowder See also:Plot, See also:rose from the dead to encourage the Jesuits in the first satire, and in the third See also:Ignatius See also:Loyola is represented as dictating his wishes to his disciples from his See also:death-See also:bed. Old-See also:ham wrote other satires, notably one " addressed to a friend about to leave the university," which contains a well-known description of the See also:state of See also:slavery of the private See also:chaplain, and another " dissuading from poetry," describing the ingratitude shown to Edmund See also:Spenser, whose ghost is the See also:speaker, to See also:Samuel See also:Butler and to See also:Abraham See also:Cowley. Oldham's See also:verse is rugged, and his rhymes often defective, but he met with a generous appreciation from See also:Dryden, whose own satiric See also:bent was perhaps influenced by his efforts. He says (" To the Memory of Mr Oldham," See also:Works, ed. See also:Scott, vol. xi. p. 99) " For sure our souls were near allied, and thine See also:Cast in the same poetic See also:mould with mine." The real wit and rigour of Oldham's satirical poetry are undeniable, while its faults—its frenzied extravagance and lack of metrical See also:polish—might, as Dryden suggests, have been cured with time, for Oldham was only See also:thirty when he died. The best edition of his works is The Compositions in Prase and Verse of Mr John Oldham . . . (1770), with memoir and explanatory notes by Edward See also:Thompson.

End of Article: OLDHAM, JOHN (1653–1683)

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