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See also:RAYLEIGH, See also:JOHN See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
WILLIAM See also:STRUTT , 3rd See also:baron (1842- ), See also:English physicist, was See also:born in See also:Essex on the 12th of See also:November 1842, being the son of the 2nd baron.' Going to Trinity See also:College, See also:Cambridge, he graduated as See also:senior wrangler in 1865, and obtained the first See also:- SMITH
- SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
- SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
- SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
- SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
- SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
- SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
- SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
- SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
- SMITH, G
- SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
- SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
- SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
- SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
- SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
- SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
- SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
- SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
- SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
- SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
- SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
- SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
- SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
- SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
- SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
- SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
- SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
- SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
- SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
- SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
- SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)
Smith's See also:prize of the See also:year, the second being gained by See also:Professor See also:Alfred See also:Marshall. He married in 1871 a See also:sister of Mr A. J. See also:Balfour, and succeeded to the See also:title in 18?3. From 1879 to 1884 he was See also:Cavendish professor of experimental physics in the university of Cambridge, in See also:succession to Clerk See also:Maxwell; and in 1887 he accepted the See also:post of professor of natural See also:philosophy at the Royal Institution of See also:Great See also:Britain, which he resigned in 1905. His See also:early mathematical and See also:physical papers, written under the name of J. W. Strutt, made him known over See also:Europe; and his See also:powers rapidly matured until, at the See also:death of Clerk Maxwell, he stood at the See also:head of See also:British physicists, See also:Sir See also:George See also:Stokes and See also:Lord See also:Kelvin alone excepted. The See also:special feature of his See also:work is its extreme accuracy and definiteness; he combines the highest mathematical acumen with refinement of experimental skill, so that the See also:idea of ranking him as higher in one See also:department than another does not arise. His experimental investigations are carried out with See also:plain and usually See also:home-made apparatus, the accessories being crude and rough, but the essentials thought-fully designed so as to See also:compass in the simplest and most perfect manner the special end in view. A great See also:part of his theoretical work consists in resurveying things supposed superficially to be already known, and elaborating their theory into precision and completeness. In this way he has gone over a great portion of the See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field of physics, and in many cases has either said the last word for the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time being, or else started new and fruitful developments. Possessing an immense range of knowledge, he has filled up lacunae in nearly every part of physics, by experiment, by calculation, and by clear accurate thought. The following branches have especially See also:felt his See also:influence: chemical physics, capillarity and viscosity, theory of gases, flow of liquids, See also:photography, See also:optics, See also:colour See also:vision, See also:wave theory, electric and magnetic problems, See also:electrical measurements, See also:elasticity, See also:sound and See also:hydrodynamics. The numerous scientific See also:memoirs in which his See also:original work is set forth were collected under his own editorship in four large volumes, the last of which was published in 1903. His most extensive single work is a See also:book on Sound, which, in the second edition, has become a See also:treatise on vibrations in See also:general. His familiarity with the methods of mathematical See also:analysis and a certain refinement of See also:taste in their application have resulted in great beauty of See also:form. His papers are often difficult to read, but never diffuse or tedious; his mathematical treatment is never needlessly abstruse, for when his analysis is complicated it is only so because the subject-See also:matter is complicated. Of discoveries superficially sensational there are few or none to See also:record, and the See also:weight of his work is for the most part to be appreciated only by professed physicists. One remarkable See also:discovery, however, of general See also:interest, was the outcome of a See also:long See also:series of delicate weighings and See also:minute experimental care in the determination of the relative See also:density of See also:nitrogen See also:gas—undertaken in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to determine the atomic weight of nitrogen—namely, the discovery of See also:argon, the first of a series of new substances, chemically inert, which occur, some only in excessively minute quantities, as constituents of the
1 The See also:barony was created at George IV.'s See also:coronation in 1821 for the wife of See also:Joseph See also:Holden Strutt, M.P. for See also:Maldon (1790-1826) and See also:Okehampton (1826-183o), who had done great service during the See also:French See also:War as See also:colonel of the Essex See also:militia. He died in 1845, his wife, the baroness, predeceasing him in 1836. Their son (d. 1873) was the 2nd baron.
End of Article: RAYLEIGH, JOHN WILLIAM STRUTT
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