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SAUMAREZ, JAMES SAUMAREZ

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Originally appearing in Volume V24, Page 237 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SAUMAREZ, See also:JAMES SAUMAREZ or SAUSMAREZI, See also:BARON DE (1757-1836), See also:English See also:admiral, was descended from an old See also:family, and was See also:born at St See also:Peter See also:Port, See also:Guernsey, 11th of See also:March 1757. Many of his ancestors had. distinguished themselves in the See also:naval service, and he entered it as See also:midshipman at the See also:age of thirteen. For his bravery at the attack of See also:Charleston in 1776 on See also:board the ".See also:Bristol" he was raised to the See also:rank of See also:lieutenant, and he was promoted See also:commander for his gallant services off the Dogger See also:Bank, 5th of See also:August 1781, when he was wounded. In command of the " See also:Russell," 70, he contributed to See also:Rodney's victory over De See also:Grasse (12th of See also:April 1782). For the See also:capture of " La See also:Reunion," a See also:French See also:frigate, in 1793, he was knighted. While in command of a small See also:squadron he was on the 5th of See also:June 1794 attacked by a See also:superior French force on the way from See also:Plymouth to Guernsey, but succeeded in gaining a safe anchorage in Guernsey See also:harbour. After being promoted to the " See also:Orion," 74, in 1795, he took See also:part in the defeat of the French See also:fleet off See also:Lorient, on the 22nd of June, distinguished himself in the See also:battle of Cape St See also:Vincent in See also:February 1797, and was See also:present at the See also:blockade of See also:Cadiz from February 1797 to April 1798, and at the battle of the See also:Nile, where he was wounded. On his return from See also:Egypt he received the command of the " See also:Caesar," 84, with orders to See also:watch the French fleet off See also:Brest during the winters of 1799 and 'Soo. In 18oi he was raised to the rank of See also:rear-admiral of the See also:blue, was created a See also:baronet, and received the command of a small squadron which was destined to watch the movements of the See also:Spanish fleet at Cadiz. Between the 6th and 12th of See also:July he performed a brilliant piece of service, in which after a first repulse at See also:Algeciras he routed a much superior combined force of French and Spanish See also:ships. For his services Saumarez received the See also:order of the See also:Bath and the freedom of the See also:city of See also:London. In 1803 he received a See also:pension of £1200 a See also:year.

On the outbreak of the See also:

war with See also:Russia in 1809 he was given command of the Baltic fleet. He held it during the See also:wars preceding the fall of See also:Napoleon, and his tact was conspicuously shown towards the See also:government of See also:Sweden at the crisis of the invasion of Russia. See also:Charles XIII. (Bernadotte) bestowed on him the See also:grand See also:cross of the military order of the See also:Sword. At the See also:peace of 1814 he attained the rank of admiral; and in 1819 he was made rear-admiral, in 1821 See also:vice-admiral of See also:Great See also:Britain. He was raised to the See also:peerage as Baron de Saumarez in 1831, and died at Guernsey on the 9th of See also:October 1836. See See also:Memoirs of Admiral See also:Lord de Saumarez, by See also:Sir See also:John See also:Ross (2 vols., 1838).

End of Article: SAUMAREZ, JAMES SAUMAREZ

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