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CAPET , the name of a See also:family to which, for nearly nine centuries, the See also:kings of See also:France, and many of the rulers of the most powerful fiefs in that See also:country, belonged, and which mingled with several of the other royal races of See also:Europe. The See also:original significance of the name remains in dispute, but the first of the family to whom it was applied was See also:Hugh, who was elected See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of the See also:Franks in 987. The real founder of the See also:house, however, was See also:Robert the Strong (q.v.), who received-from See also:Charles the Bald, king of the Franks, the countships of See also:Anjou and See also:Blois, and who is sometimes called See also:duke, as he exercised some military authority in the See also:district between the See also:Seine and the See also:Loire.- According to See also:Aimoin of See also:Saint-Germain-See also:des-Pres, and the chronicler, Richer, he was a Saxon, but historians question this statement. Robert's two sons, See also:Odo or. Eudes, and Robert II., succeeded their See also:father successively as See also:dukes, and, in 887, some of the Franks See also:chose Odo as their king. A similar step was taken, in 922, in the See also:case of Robert II., this too marking the increasing irritation See also:felt at the weakness of the Carolingian kings. When Robert died in 923, he was succeeded by his See also:brother-in-See also:law, See also:Rudolph, duke of See also:Burgundy, and not by his son Hugh, who is known in See also:history as Hugh the See also:Great, duke of France and Burgundy, and whose domain extended from the Loire to the frontiers of See also:Picardy. When See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis V., king of the Franks, died in 987, the Franks, setting aside the See also:Carolingians, passed over his brother Charles, and elected Hugh Capet, son of Hugh the Great, as their king, and crowned him at See also:Reims. Avoiding the pretensions which had been made by the Carolingian kings, the Capetian kings were content, for a See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time, with a more modest position, and the See also:story of the growth of their See also:power belongs to the history of France. They had to combat the feudal See also:nobility, and later, the younger branches of the royal house established in the great duchies, and the See also:main See also:reason for the permanence of their power was, perhaps, the fact that there were few minorities among them. The See also:direct See also:line ruled in France from 987 to 1328, when, at the See also:death of King Charles IV., it was succeeded by the younger, or See also:Valois, See also:branch of the family. See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip VI., the first of the Valois kings, was a son of Charles I., See also:count of Valois and See also:grandson of King Philip III. (see VALOIS). The Capetian-Valois See also:dynasty lasted until 1498, when Louis, duke of See also:- ORLEANS
- ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
- ORLEANS, DUKES OF
- ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
- ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
- ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
- ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
- ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
- ORLEANS, PHILIP I
- ORLEANS, PHILIP II
Orleans, became king as Louis XII., on the death of King Charles VIII. (see ORLEANS). LOUIS XII. dying childless, the house of Valois-See also:Angouleme followed from See also:Francis I. to the death of See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry III. in 1589 (see ANGOULEME), when the last great Capetian family, the Bourbons (q.v.) mounted the See also:throne.
Scarcely second to the royal house is the branch to which belonged the dukes of Burgundy. In the loth See also:century the duchy of Burgundy See also:fell into the hands of Hugh the Great, father of Hugh- Capet, on whose death in 956 it passed to his son See also:Otto, and, in 965, to his son Henry. In 1032 Robert, the second son of Robert the Pious, king of the Franks, and grandson of Hugh Capet, founded the first ducal house, which ruled until 1361. For two years the duchy was in the hands of the See also:crown, but in 1363, the second ducal house, also Capetian, was founded by Philip the Bold, son of See also:John II., king of France. This branch
of the Capetians is also distinguished by its See also:union with the Habsburgs, through the See also:marriage of See also:Mary, daughter of Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy, with See also:Maximilian, afterwards the See also:emperor Maximilian I. Of great importance also was the house of the See also:counts of Anjou, which was founded in 1246, by Charles, son of the See also:French king Louis VIII., and which, in 136o, was raised to the dignity of a dukedom (see ANJou). Members of this family sat upon the thrones of two kingdoms. The counts and dukes of Anjou were kings of See also:Naples from 1265 to 1442. In 1308 Charles Robert of Anjou was elected king of See also:Hungary, his claim being based on the marriage of his grandfather Charles II., king of Naples and count of Anjou, with Maria, daughter of See also:Stephen V., king of Hungary. A third branch formed the house of the counts of See also:Artois, which was founded in 1238 by Robert, son of King Louis VIII. This house merged in that of Valois in 1383, by the marriage of See also:Margaret, daughter of Louis, count of Artois, with Philip the Bold, duke of Burgundy. The throne of See also:Navarre was also filled by the Capetians. In 1284 Jeanne, daughter and heiress of Henry I., king of Navarre, married Philip IV., king of France, and the two kingdoms were See also:united until Philip of Valois became king of France as Philip VI. in 1328, when Jeanne, daughter of King Louis X., and heiress of Navarre, married Philip, count of See also:Evreux (see NAVARRE).
In the 13th century the throne of See also:Constantinople was occupied by a branch of the Capetians. See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter, grandson of King Louis VI., obtained that dignity in 1217 as brother-in-law of the two previous emperors, See also:Baldwin, count of See also:Flanders, and his brother Henry. Peter was succeeded successively by his two sons, Robert and Baldwin, from whom in 1261 the See also:empire was re-covered by the Greeks.
The counts of See also:Dreux, for two centuries and a See also:half (1132-1377), and the counts of Evreux, from 1307 to 1425, also belonged to the family of the Capets,—other members of which worthy of mention are the See also:Dunois and the Longuevilles, illegitimate branches of the house of Valois, which produced many famous warriors and courtiers.
End of Article: CAPET
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