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IDDESLEIGH, STAFFORD HENRY NORTHCOTE,...

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Originally appearing in Volume V14, Page 280 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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IDDESLEIGH, See also:STAFFORD See also:HENRY See also:NORTHCOTE, 1ST See also:EARL OF (1818-1887), See also:British statesman, was See also:born in See also:London, on the 27th of See also:October 1818. His ancestors had See also:long been settled in See also:Devonshire, their See also:pedigree, according to See also:Burke, being traceable to the beginning of the 12th See also:century. After a successful career at Balliol See also:College, See also:Oxford, he became in 1843 private secretary to IIr See also:Gladstone at the See also:board of See also:trade. He was afterwards legal secretary to the board; and after acting as one of the secretaries to the See also:Great See also:Exhibition of 1851, co-operated with See also:Sir See also:Charles Trevelyan in framing the See also:report which revolutionized the conditions of See also:appointment to the See also:Civil Service. He succeeded his grandfather, Sir Stafford Henry Northcote, as 8th See also:baronet in 1851. He entered See also:Parliament in 1855 as Conservative M.P. for See also:Dudley, and was elected for See also:Stamford in 1858, a seat which he exchanged in 1866 for See also:North See also:Devon. Steadily supporting his party, he became See also:president of the board of trade in 1866, secretary of See also:state for See also:India in 1867, and See also:chancellor of the See also:exchequer in 1874. In the See also:interval between these last two appointments he had been one of the commissioners for the See also:settlement of the " See also:Alabama " difficulty with the See also:United States, and on Mr Disraeli's See also:elevation to the See also:House of Lords in 1876 he became See also:leader of the Conservative party in the See also:Commons. As a See also:finance See also:minister he was largely dominated by the lines of policy laid down by Mr Gladstone; but he distinguished himself by his dealings with the See also:Debt, especially his introduction of the New Sinking Fund (1876), by which he fixed the See also:annual See also:charge for the Debt in such a way as to provide for a See also:regular See also:series of payments off the See also:capital. His See also:temper as leader was, however, too See also:gentle to satisfy the more ardent See also:spirits among his own followers, and party cabals (in which See also:Lord See also:Randolph See also:Churchill—who had made a dead set at the " old gang," and especially Sir Stafford Northcote—took a leading See also:part) led to Sir Stafford's See also:transfer to the Lords in 1885, when Lord See also:Salisbury became See also:prime minister. Taking the titles of earl of Iddesleigh and See also:Viscount St Cyres, he was included in the See also:cabinet as first lord of the See also:treasury. In Lord Salisbury's 1886 See also:ministry he became secretary of state for See also:foreign affairs, but the arrangement was not a comfortable one, and his resignation had just been decided upon when on the 12th of See also:January 1887 he died very suddenly at Lord Salisbury's See also:official See also:residence in See also:Downing See also:Street.

Lord Iddesleigh was elected lord See also:

rector of See also:Edinburgh University in 1883, in which capacity he addressed the students on the subject of " Desultory See also:Reading." He had little leisure for letters, but amongst his See also:works were Twenty Years of See also:Financial Policy (1862), a valuable study of Gladstonian finance, and Lectures and Essays (1887). His See also:Life by See also:Andrew See also:Lang appeared in 189o. Lord Iddesleigh married in 1843 See also:Cecilia Frances See also:Farrer (d. 191o) (See also:sister of See also:Thomas, 1st Lord Farrer), by whom he had seven sons and three daughters. He was succeeded as 2nd earl by his eldest son, See also:WALTER STAFFORD NORTHCOTE (1845— ), who for some years was his See also:father's private secretary. He was' chairman of the Inland See also:Revenue Board from 1877 to 1892; and is also known as a novelist. His eldest son STAFFORD HENRY NORTHCOTE, Viscount St Cyres (1869– ), was educated at See also:Eton and Merton College Oxford. After taking a 1st class in See also:History, he was elected a See also:senior student of See also:Christ See also:Church, where he resided for a while as See also:tutor and lecturer. His See also:interest in the development of religious thought led him to devote himself specially to the history of the See also:Roman See also:Catholic Church in the 17th century, the first-fruits of which was his See also:Francois de See also:Fenelon (London, 1901); eight years later he published his See also:Pascal (ib. 1909). The second son of the 1st earl of Iddesleigh, STAFFORD HENRY NORTHCOTE, 1st See also:Baron Northcote (b. 1846), was educated at Eton and at Merton College, Oxford.

He became a clerk in the foreign See also:

office in 1868, acted as private secretary to Lord Salisbury, and was attached to the See also:embassy at See also:Constantinople from 1876 to 1877. From 1877 to 188o he was secretary to the chancellor of the exchequer, was financial secretary to the See also:war office from 1885 to 1886, surveyor-See also:general of See also:ordnance, 1886 to 1887, and charity See also:commissioner, 1891 to 1892. In 1887 he was created a baronet. In 188o he was elected M.P. for See also:Exeter as a Conservative, and retained the seat until 1899, when he was appointed See also:governor of Bombay (1899–1903), being created a peer in 1900. Lord Northcote was appointed governor-general of the See also:Commonwealth of See also:Australia in 1903, and held this See also:post till 1908. He married in 1873 Alice, adopted daughter of the 1st Lord See also:Mount See also:Stephen.

End of Article: IDDESLEIGH, STAFFORD HENRY NORTHCOTE, 1ST

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