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See also:CLIFFORD, See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
WILLIAM KINGDON (1845-1879) , See also:English mathematician and philosopher, was See also:born on the 4th of May 1845 at See also:Exeter, where his See also:father was a prominent See also:citizen. He was educated at a private school in his native See also:town, at See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King's See also:College, See also:London, and at Trinity College, See also:Cambridge, where he was elected See also:fellow in 1868, after being second wrangler in 1867 and second See also:- SMITH
- SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
- SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
- SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
- SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
- SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
- SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
- SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
- SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
- SMITH, G
- SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
- SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
- SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
- SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
- SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
- SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
- SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
- SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
- SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
- SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
- SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
- SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
- SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
- SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
- SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
- SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
- SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
- SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
- SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
- SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
- SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)
Smith's prizeman. In 1871 he was appointed See also:professor of See also:mathematics at University College, London, and in 1874 became fellow of the Royal Society. In 1875 he married See also:Lucy, daughter of See also:John See also:Lane of See also:Barbados. In 1876 Clifford, a See also:man of high-strung and athletic, but not robust, physique, began to fall into See also:ill-See also:health, and after two voyages to the See also:South, died during the third of pulmonary See also:consumption at See also:Madeira, on the 3rd of See also:March 1879, leaving his widow with two daughters. Mrs W. K. Clifford soon earned for herself a prominent See also:place in English See also:literary See also:life as a novelist, and later as a dramatist. Her best-known See also:story, Mrs See also:Keith's See also:Crime (1885), was followed by several other volumes, the best of which is Aunt See also:Anne (1893) ; and the literary See also:- TALENT (Lat. talentum, adaptation of Gr. TaXavrov, balance, ! Recollections of a First Visit to the Alps (1841); Vacation Rambles weight, from root raX-, to lift, as in rXi vac, to bear, 1-aXas, and Thoughts, comprising recollections of three Continental
talent in the See also:family was inherited by her daughter Ethel (Mrs See also:Fisher See also:Dilke), a writer of some charming See also:verse.
Owing to his See also:early See also:death, Professor Clifford's abilities and achievements cannot be fairly judged without reference to the See also:opinion formed of him by his contemporaries. He impressed every one as a man of extraordinary acuteness and originality; and these solid gifts were set off to the highest See also:advantage by quickness of thought and speech, a lucid See also:style, wit and poetic See also:fancy, and a social warmth which made him delightful as a friend and See also:companion. His See also:powers as a mathematician were of the highest See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order. It harmonizes with the See also:concrete visualizing turn of his mind that, to quote Professor See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry Smith, "Clifford was above all and before all a geometer." In this he was an innovator against the excessively See also:analytic tendency of Cambridge mathematicians. In his theory of graphs, or geometrical representations of algebraic functions, there are valuable suggestions which have been worked out by others. He was much interested, too, in universal See also:algebra, non-Euclidean See also:geometry and elliptic functions, his papers " Preliminary See also:Sketch of Bi-See also:quaternions " (1873) and " On the Canonical See also:Form and See also:Dissection of a See also:Riemann's See also:Surface " (1877) ranking as See also:classics. Another important paperis his " See also:Classification of Loci " (1878). He also published several papers on algebraic forms and projective geometry.
As a philosopher Clifford's name is chiefly associated with two phrases of his coining, " mind-stuff " and the " tribal self." The former symbolizes his metaphysical conception, which was suggested to him by his See also:reading of See also:Spinoza. " Briefly put," says See also:Sir F. See also:Pollock, " the conception is that mind is the one ultimate reality; not mind as we know it in the complex forms of conscious feeling and thought, but the simpler elements out of which thought and feeling are built up. The hypothetical ultimate See also:element of mind, or See also:atom of mind-stuff, precisely corresponds to the hypothetical atom of See also:matter, being the ultimate fact of which the material atom is the phenomenon. Matter and the sensible universe are the relations between particular organisms, that is, mind organized into consciousness, and the See also:rest of the See also:world. This leads to results which would in a loose and popular sense be called materialist. But the theory must, as a metaphysical theory, be reckoned on the idealist See also:side. To speak technically, it is an idealist See also:monism." The other phrase, " tribal self," gives the See also:key to Clifford's ethical view, which explains See also:conscience and the moral See also:law by the development in each individual of a " self," which prescribes the conduct conducive to the welfare of the " tribe." Much of Clifford's contemporary prominence was due to his attitude towards See also:religion. Animated by an intense love of truth and devotion to public See also:duty, he waged See also:war on such ecclesiastical systems as seemed to him to favour obscurantism, and to put the claims of See also:sect above those of human society. The alarm was greater, as See also:theology was still unreconciled with the Darwinian theory; and Clifford was regarded as a dangerous See also:champion of the See also:anti-spiritual tendencies then imputed to See also:modern See also:science.
His See also:works, published wholly or in See also:part since his death, are Elements of Dynamic (1879–1887); Seeing and Thinking, popular science lectures 1879) ; Lectures and Essays, with an introduction by Sir F. Pollock 1879) ; Mathematical Papers, edited by R. See also:Tucker, with an introduction by Henry J. S. Smith (1882) ; and The See also:Common Sense of the Exact Sciences, completed by Professor Karl See also:Pearson (1885).
End of Article: CLIFFORD, WILLIAM KINGDON (1845-1879)
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