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CLIFFORD , the name of a famous See also:English See also:family and See also:barony, taken from the See also:village of Clifford in See also:Herefordshire, although the family were mainly associated with the See also:north of See also:England.
See also:Robert de Clifford (c. 1275-1314), a son of See also:Roger de Clifford (d. 1282), inherited the estates of his grandfather, Roger de Clifford, in 1286; then he obtained through his See also:mother See also:part of the extensive See also:land of the Viponts, and thus became one of the most powerful barons of his See also:age. A prominent soldier during the reigns of See also:Edward I. and Edward II., Clifford was summoned to See also:parliament as a See also:baron in 1299, won See also:great renown at the See also:siege of Carlaverock See also:Castle in 1300, and after taking part in the See also:movement against Edward II.'s favourite, Piers See also:GaveSton, was killed at See also:Bannockburn. His son Roger, the 2nd baron (1299-1322), shared in the See also:rebellion of See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas, See also:earl of See also:Lancaster, and was probably executed at See also:York on the 23rd of See also:March 1322. Robert's See also:grandson Roger, the 5th baron (1333-1389), and the latter's son Thomas, the 6th baron (c. 1363-c. 1391), served the English See also:kings on the Scottish See also:borders and elsewhere. The same is true of Thomas, the 8th baron (1414-1455), who was killed at the first See also:battle of St Albans in May 1455.
Thomas's son See also:John, the 9th baron (c. 1435-1461), was more famous. During the See also:Wars of the See also:Roses he fought for See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry VI., earning by his cruelties the name of the " See also:butcher "; after thebattle of See also:Wakefield in 1460 he murdered See also:Edmund, earl of See also:Rutland, son of See also:Richard, See also:duke of York, exclaiming, according to the chronicler Edward See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
Hall, " By See also:God's See also:blood thy See also:father slew mine; and so will I do thee and all thy See also:kin." See also:Shakespeare refers to this incident in See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King Henry VI., and also represents Clifford as taking part in the See also:murder of York. It is, however, practically certain that York was slain during the battle, and not afterwards like his son. Clifford was killed at Ferrybridge on the 28th of March 1461, and was afterwards attainted. His See also:young son Henry, the loth baron (c. 1454-1523), lived disguised as a shepherd for some years, hence he is sometimes called the " shepherd See also:lord." On the See also:accession of Henry VII. the See also:- ATTAINDER (from the O. Fr. ataindre, ateindre, to attain, i.e. to strike, accuse, condemn; Lat. attingere, tangere, to touch; the meaning has been greatly affected by the confusion with Fr. taindre, teindre, to taint, stain, Lat. tingere, to dye)
attainder was reversed and,he received his father's estates. He spent a large part of his See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time at Barden in See also:Lancashire, being interested in See also:astronomy and See also:astrology. Occasionally, however, he visited See also:London, and he fought at the battle of See also:Flodden in 1513. This lord, who died on the 23rd of See also:April 1523, is celebrated by Words-See also:worth in the poems " The See also:- WHITE
- WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
- WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
- WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
- WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
- WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
- WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
- WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
- WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
- WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
- WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
- WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)
white doe of Rylstone " and " See also:Song at the feast of See also:Brougham Castle." Henry, the rlth baron, was created earl of See also:Cumberland in 1525, and from this time until the extinction of the See also:title in 1643 the See also:main See also:line of the Cliffords was associated with the earldom of Cumberland (q.v.).
Richard Clifford, See also:bishop of See also:Worcester and London under Henry IV. and Henry V., was probably a member of this family. This See also:prelate, who was very active at the See also:council of See also:Constance, died on the loth of See also:August 1421.
On the See also:death of See also:George, 3rd earl of Cumberland, in 16o5, the barony of Clifford, separated from the earldom, was claimed by his daughter See also:Anne, countess of See also:Dorset, See also:Pembroke and See also:Montgomery; and in 1628 a new barony of Clifford was created in favour of Henry, afterwards 5th and last earl of Cumberland. After Anne's death in 1676 the claim to the older barony passed to her daughter See also:Margaret (d. 1676), wife of John Tuf ton, and earl of See also:Thanet, and her descendants, whose title was definitely recognized in 1691. After the Tuftons the barony was held with intervening abeyances by the Southwells and the Russells, and to this latter family the See also:present Lord De Clifford belongs.'
When the last earl of Cumberland died in 1643 the newer barony of Clifford passed to his daughter See also:Elizabeth, wife of Richard See also:Boyle, -2nd earl of See also:Cork, and from the Boyles it passed to the Cavendishes, falling into See also:abeyance on the death of See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William See also:Cavendish, 6th duke of See also:Devonshire, in 1858.
The barony of Clifford of Lanesborough was held by the Boyles from 1644 to 1753, and the Devonshire See also:branch of the family still holds the barony of Clifford of Chudleigh, which was created in 1672.
See G. E. C(okayne), See also:Complete See also:Peerage (1887-1898) ; and T. D. See also:Whitaker, See also:History of See also:Craven (1877).
End of Article: CLIFFORD
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