|
See also:LUSATIA (Ger. Lausitz) , a name applied to two neighbouring districts in See also:Germany, Upper and See also:Lower Lusatia, belonging now
II
mainly to See also:Prussia, but partly to See also:Saxony. The name is taken from the Lusitzi, a Slav tribe, who inhabited Lower Lusatia in the 9th and loth centuries.
In the earliest times Lower Lusatia reached from the See also:Black See also:Elster to the See also:Spree; its inhabitants, the Lusitzi, were conquered by the See also:German See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king, See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry the See also:Fowler, and by the See also:margrave See also:Gero in the loth See also:century. Their See also:land was formed into a See also:separate See also:march, which for about three centuries was sometimes attached to, and sometimes See also:independent of, the margraviate of See also:Meissen, its rulers being occasionally called margraves of Lusatia. In 1303 it was See also:purchased by the margrave of See also:Brandenburg, and after other changes it See also:fell in 1368 into the hands of the king of Bohemia, the See also:emperor See also:Charles IV., who already possessed Upper Lusatia. During the Hussite See also:wars its See also:people remained loyal to the See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church. In 1469 they recognized See also:Matthias See also:Corvinus, king of See also:Hungary, as their See also:sovereign, but in 1490 they came again under the See also:rule of the Bohemian king.
The See also:district now known as Upper Lusatia was occupied by a Slav tribe, the Milzeni, who like the Lusitzi, were subdued by Henry the Fowler See also:early in the loth century. For about three centuries it was called Baudissin (See also:Bautzen), from the name of its See also:principal fortress. In the 11th and 12th centuries it was connected at different periods with Meissen, See also:Poland and Bohemia. To-wards 116o the emperor See also:Frederick I. granted it to Ladislas, king of Bohemia, and under this ruler and his immediate successors it was largely colonized by German immigrants. In 1253 it passed to the margrave of Brandenburg, and about the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time it was divided into an eastern and a western See also:part, Baudissin proper and See also:Gorlitz. In 1319 the former was restored to Bohemia, which also recovered Gorlitz in 1329. During the 14th century the nobles and the townsmen began to take part in the See also:government, and about this time Upper Lusatia was known as the district of the six towns (Sechsstodtelandes), these being Bautzen, Gorlitz, See also:Zittau, See also:Lobau, See also:Lauban and See also:Kamenz. From 1377 to 1396 Gorlitz was a separate duchy ruled by Johrt, a son of the emperor Charles IV., and, like Lower Lusatia, Upper Lusatia owned the authority of Matthias Corvinus from 1469 to 1490, both districts passing a little later with the kingdoms of Hungary and Bohemia to the German king, See also:Ferdinand I. The " six towns " were severely punished for their See also:share in the See also:war of the See also:league of See also:Schmalkalden, and about this time the reformed teaching made very rapid progress in Lusatia, the See also:majority of the inhabitants becoming Protestants. The name of Lusatia hitherto confined to Lower Lusatia, was soon applied to both districts, the adjectives Upper and Lower being used to distinguish them. In 1620, early in the See also:Thirty Years' War, the two Lusatias were conquered by the elector of Saxony, See also:John See also:George I., who was allowed to keep them as the See also:price of his assistance to the emperor Ferdinand I. In 1635 by the treaty of See also:Prague they were definitely transferred from Bohemia to Saxony, although the emperor as king of Bohemia retained a certain supremacy for the purpose of guarding the rights and privileges of the Roman Catholics. They suffered much during the wars of the 18th century. By the See also:peace of See also:Vienna (1815) the whole of Lower Lusatia and part of Upper Lusatia were transferred from Saxony to Prussia.
The See also:area of the part of Upper Lusatia retained by Saxony was slightly increased in 1845; it is now about 96o sq. m. In 1900 Lower Lusatia contained 461,973 inhabitants, of whom 34,837 were See also:Wends; the portion of Upper Lusatia belonging to Prussia had 305,080 inhabitants, of whom 24,361 were Wends. There were 405,173 inhabitants, including 28,234 Wends, in Saxon Upper Lusatia. See also:Laws See also:relating to this district, after passing through the Saxon See also:parliament must be submitted to the Lusatian See also:diet at Bautzen. The See also:chief towns of Upper Lusatia are Bautzen, Zittau, Lobau, Kamenz, Gorlitz, Rothenburg, Hoyerswerda and Lauban; in Lower Lusatia they are See also:Guben, Kottbus, See also:Forst, See also:Lubben and See also:Spremberg. The principal See also:rivers are the Spree with its tributaries, the Black Elster and the See also:Neisse. Upper Lusatia is generally mountainous and picturesque, Lower Lusatia is See also:flat and sandy. The chief See also:industries are See also:linen See also:weaving, See also:cloth making and See also:coal See also:mining.
For the See also:history of Lusatia see the collections, Scriptores rerum Lusaticarum anliqui et recentiores, edited by C. G. See also:Hoffmann (4 vols., See also:Leipzig and Bautzen, 1719) ; and Scriptores rerum Lusaticarum (4 vols., Gorlitz, 1839-1870). See also W. Lippert, Wettiner and Witielsbacher sowie See also:die Niederlausitz See also:im 14 Jahrhundert (See also:Dresden, 1894) ; T. Scheltz, Gesamtgeschichte der Ober- and Niederlausitz, See also:Band i. (See also:Halle, 1847), Band ii. (Gorlitz, 1882) ; J. G. Worbs, Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte See also:des Markgraftums Niederlausitz (Lubber 1897) ; and J. A. E. Kohler, Die Geschichte der Oberlausitz (Gorlitz, 1867).
End of Article: LUSATIA (Ger. Lausitz)
Additional information and Comments
There are no comments yet for this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.
Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.
|
del.icio.us it!