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MARBLEHEAD

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Originally appearing in Volume V17, Page 679 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MARBLEHEAD , a township of See also:

Essex See also:county, See also:Massachusetts, U.S.A., occupying a rocky promontory on Massachusetts See also:Bay, about 16 m. N. of See also:Boston. Pop. (189o), 8202; (1900), 7582; (19o5), 7209; (1910), 7338. See also:Area, about 4 sq. m. Marblehead is served by the Boston & See also:Maine railroad, and by electric See also:railways connecting with See also:Salem, See also:Lynn and Boston. It is a See also:quaint old See also:town, with a number of houses dating back to the 17th and 18th centuries. Among the older buildings are the See also:Lee See also:mansion (1768), St See also:Michael's See also:church (P. E., 1714), and the old town-See also:hall (1727), sometimes called Marblehead's " See also:Cradle of See also:Liberty." See also:Abbot Hall (1877), the municipal See also:building, also contains the public library and several noteworthy paintings, including " The Spirit of '76 " or " See also:Yankee Doodle " by See also:Archibald M. See also:Willard. The See also:post See also:office and See also:custom-See also:house was completed in 1904. There are several parks (Crocker, Fort See also:Sewall, Seaside, and See also:Fountain), and an old burying-ground, in which many of the See also:early settlers and a number of soldiers of the See also:War of See also:Independence (including See also:General See also:John See also:Glover) are buried; and a See also:granite See also:monument near the railway station commemorates the taking of the See also:British See also:supply and See also:powder See also:ship "See also:Hope" off Marblehead in 1776 by See also:Captain See also:James Mugford, who was killed during the fight.

The commodious See also:

harbour, nearly landlocked, is formed by a rocky See also:peninsula known as Marblehead See also:Neck. On this are the See also:club-houses of the Eastern and Corinthian Yacht dubs; and Marblehead is a popular See also:yachting centre. The manufacture of See also:children's shoes is the See also:principal See also:industry. See also:Shipbuilding, once important, has been superseded by yacht and See also:launch construction. Marblehead, originally a See also:part of Salem, known as See also:Marble Harbor, was settled about 1629 by See also:English emigrants (probably mostly from See also:Lincolnshire and See also:Devonshire) ; later (after about 1700) many emigrants from the Channel Islands settled here, and to them the dialectical peculiarities of Marblehead have often (perhaps mistakenly) been attributed. Marblehead was separately incorporated as a town in 1649. In the colonial See also:period Marblehead was an important commercial See also:port, and at one See also:time was one of the most populous places in Massachusetts. After the passage of the Boston Port See also:Bill (1774) it was made the port of entry instead of Boston, but its merchants refused to take See also:advantage of this opportunity and patriotically invited the Boston merchants to use their wharves and warehouses. During the War of Independence many " See also:state cruisers " (chartered at the See also:Continental expense) set out from this port, the most famous being the " Lee," commanded by John See also:Manley (1733–93) ; in See also:November 1775 this cruiser captured the " See also:Nancy " with military stores valued at £20,541, which were taken to the See also:American See also:army at See also:Cambridge. The " Lee " was manned by fifty men of the " amphibious See also:regiment," which under General John Glover (1732–1797) rendered invaluable services to 1 See See also:Robert E. See also:Peabody, " See also:Naval Career of Captain John Manley of Marblehead," in Essex See also:Institute See also:Historical Collections (Salem, See also:Mass.) for See also:January 1909. See also:Washington in conveying his troops across the See also:East See also:River after the See also:battle of See also:Long See also:Island, and later in ferrying them across the See also:Delaware before the battle of Trenton.

Marblehead furnished more than r000 men to the Continental army. During the war of 1812 the See also:

sea fight between the " Chesapeake " and the " See also:Shannon " took See also:place (See also:June 1, 1813) off the adjacent See also:coast. Marblehead was the See also:scene of See also:Benjamin (nicknamed " See also:Flood ") Ireson's ride, immortalized by J. G. See also:Whittier. See See also:Samuel Roads, jun., The See also:History and Traditions of Marblehead (Boston, 188o; 3rd ed., Marblehead, 1897).

End of Article: MARBLEHEAD

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