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SINDBAD THE SAILOR, VOYAGES OF , a collection of Arabic travel-romances, partly based upon real experiences of See also:Oriental navigators in the seas S. of See also:Asia and E. of See also:Africa (especially in the 8th–loth centuries); partly upon See also:ancient See also:poetry, Homeric and other; partly upon See also:Indian and See also:Persian collections of mirabilia. In Sindbad's First Voyage, from See also:Bagdad and See also:Basra, the incident of the See also:Whale-Back See also:Island may be compared with the Indian Ocean whales of See also:Pliny and See also:Solinus, covering four jugera, and the pristis See also:sea-See also:monster of the same authorities, 200 cubits See also:long; Al Kazwini tells a similar See also:tale of a See also:colossal See also:tortoise. Such Eastern stories are probably the See also:original of the whale-island in the Irish travel-See also:romance of St Brandan. With the Island of the Mares of See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King Mihraj, or Mihrjan, we may find (rather imperfect) See also:parallels in See also:Homer's Iliad (the mares impregnated by the See also:wind), in See also:Ibn Khurdadbih and Al Kazwini, and in See also:Wolf's See also:account of the three Ilhas de Cavallos near See also:Ceylon, so called from the See also:wild horses with which they abounded, to which the Dutch See also:East See also:India merchants of the 17th See also:century sometimes sent their mares for breeding purposes. Sindbad's account of the See also:Kingdom of Mihraj (Mihrjan) is perhaps derived from the Two Musulman Travellers of the 9th century; it would seem to refer to one of the greater East Indian islands, perhaps See also:Borneo. With the Rukh (" See also:roc ") of the Second Voyage we may compare Al Kazwini, and, more particularly, Ibn Al Wardi, who mentions the Island of the Rukh among the isles of the See also:China Sea, and relates two incidents parallel to adventures with the rukh of Sindbad's Second and Fifth Voyages. Marco See also:Polo in a famous passage describes this monstrous See also:bird in detail, locates it apparently to the S. of See also:Madagascar, and relates how one of its supposed feathers had been taken to the See also:grand See also:khan of the See also:Mongols. Sindbad's Valley of Diamonds has fairly See also:complete parallels in Al Kazwini, in See also:Benjamin of See also:Tudela, in Marco Polo and in the far earlier See also:Epiphanius, See also:bishop of See also:Salamis in See also:Cyprus, who died A.D. 403. As to the See also:Mountain, or Island, of Apes in the Third Voyage, Ibn Al Wardi and See also:Idrisi each recognizes an island of this See also:kind, the former in the China Sea, the latter near See also:Sokotra. Sindbad's See also:negro cannibal See also:adventure, next following, reproduces almost every detail of the Cyclops See also:story in the Odyssey; among the Spice Islands, and perhaps at See also:Timor, may be located the island See also:rich in See also:sandal-See also:wood, where the wanderer rejoins his See also:friends. The cannibal See also:land of the See also:Fourth Voyage, producing See also:pepper and coco-nuts, where Sindbad's companions were offered See also:food which destroyed their See also:reason, has suggested the Andamans to some inquirers and certain districts of See also:Sumatra to others; with this tale we may compare the See also:lotus-eating of the Odyssey, See also:Plutarch's story of See also:Mark Antony's soldiers maddened and killed by an " insane " and fatal See also:root in their See also:Parthian See also:wars, a passage in See also:Davis's Account of Sumatra in 1599, and more complete parallels in Ibn Al Wardi and Al Kazwini. The See also:burial of Sindbad in, and his See also:- ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli
escape from, the cavern of the dead is faintly foreshadowed in the story of See also:Aristomenes, the Messenian See also:hero, and in a reference of St See also:Jerome to a supposed Scythian
bulk of the See also:population is Mussulman, and their See also:languages make See also:free use of words borrowed from Persian and (through Persian) from Arabic. The written See also:character employed for See also:Lahnda is usually that modification of the Persian See also:alphabet which has been adopted for See also:Hindostani. The same is the See also:case for See also:Sindhi, except that further modifications have been introduced to represent See also:special sounds. In both languages, See also:Hindus also employ a script akin to the well-known Nagari alphabet (see See also:SANSKRIT). It is the same as the " Lai da " (a word distinct from " Lahnda ") or " clipped " character current all over the See also:Punjab and is very imperfect, being seldom legible to any one except its original
See also:custom of burying alive with the dead those who had been dear to them; the fully-See also:developed Sindbad tale finds an See also:echo in " See also:Sir See also:John See also:Mandeville." For the " Old See also:Man of the Sea," in the Fifth Voyage, we may also refer to Al Kazwini, Ibn Al Wardi and the romance of Seyf Zu-1 Yezen; Sindbad's tyrannical rider has usually been explained as one of the huge apes of Borneo or Sumatra, improved to make a better story. The account of pepper, somewhat later in this Voyage, has a See also:good See also:deal in See also:common with Idrisi's; Sindbad's See also:pearl-fishing is probably to be located in the famous beds off Ceylon, of which Marco Polo has an excellent description. The romance of Seyf Zu-1 Yezen has a voyage along a subterranean See also:river similar to that of Sindbad on his See also:Sixth Voyage; the See also:elephant adventure of the Seventh Voyage adds another to the many stories of the elephant's sagacity which were already told in every See also:southern See also:country, and of which we have many examples in Pliny's Historia Naturalis,
and in See also:Aelian's Historia Animalium.
See See also:Richard Hole, Remarks on the Arabian Nights' Entertainments, in which the Origin of Sindbad's Voyages ...is particularly considered (See also:London, 1797) ; See also:Eusebius See also:Renaudot's edition of the Two Musulman Travellers (1718, translated into See also:English, 1733, as Ancient Accounts of India and China by two See also:Mahommedan Travellers ... in the 9th Century) ; J. T. See also:Reinaud, Relations See also:des voyages faits See also:par See also:les Arabes et les Persans clans l'Inde et a la Chine clans le IX' siecle (1845) ; E. W. See also:Lane's See also:translation of the Arabian Nights (London, 1859), especially the notes in vol. iii. pp. 77-108; M. J. de See also:Goeje, La Legende de See also:Saint Brandan (189o) ; C. R. Beazley, See also:Dawn of See also:Modern See also:Geography (1897), i. 235-238, 438-450. Besides the See also:works noticed in the See also:text of this See also:article, the 12th-century Romance of See also:Duke Ernest of See also:Bavaria, written in See also:German See also:rhyme by See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry of Veldeck about 116o, gives parallels to Sindbad's See also:flight through the See also:air (tied to his rukh) in Voyage II., to the subterranean river-excursion in Voyage VI., and to some other incidents. (C. R.
End of Article: SINDBAD THE SAILOR, VOYAGES OF
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