|
See also:URBAN II . (See also:Odo or See also:Otho or Eudes de Lagary), See also:pope from the 12th of See also:March ,o88 to the 29th of See also:July 1099, was See also:born of knightly See also:rank at Lagary (or Lagery or Lagny), near See also:Reims. He studied for the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church, became See also:archdeacon of See also:Auxerre, and later joined the See also:congregation of See also:Cluny. Displaying See also:great ability as reformer and theologian, he was chosen subprior of the celebrated monastery. He was created See also:cardinal-See also:bishop of See also:Ostia in 1078 by See also:- GREGORY
- GREGORY (Gregorius)
- GREGORY (Grigorii) GRIGORIEVICH ORLOV, COUNT (1734-1783)
- GREGORY, EDWARD JOHN (1850-19o9)
- GREGORY, OLINTHUS GILBERT (1774—1841)
- GREGORY, ST (c. 213-C. 270)
- GREGORY, ST, OF NAZIANZUS (329–389)
- GREGORY, ST, OF NYSSA (c.331—c. 396)
- GREGORY, ST, OF TOURS (538-594)
Gregory VII., to whom he displayed such See also:loyalty, especially as papal See also:legate in See also:Germany (1084), that
he was imprisoned for a See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time by See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry IV. He was designated by Gregory as one of four men most worthy to succeed him, and, after a vacancy of more than five months following the decease of See also:Victor III., he was elected pope on the 12th of March ro88 by See also:forty cardinals, bishops, and abbots assembled at See also:Terracina, together with representatives of the See also:Romans and of Countess See also:Matilda. He frankly took up the policy of Gregory VII., but, while pursuing it with equal determination, showed greater flexibility and See also:diplomatic skill. Throughout the See also:major See also:part of his pontificate he had to reckon with the presence of the powerful antipope See also:Clement III. (See also:Guibert of See also:Ravenna) in See also:Rome; but a See also:series of well-attended synods at Rome, See also:Amalfi, See also:Benevento and See also:Troia, supported him in renewed declarations against See also:simony, See also:lay See also:investiture, and clerical marriages, and in a policy of continued opposition to Henry IV. He maintained an See also:alliance with the See also:Norman See also:Duke See also:Roger, See also:Robert Guiscard's son and successor, and See also:united the See also:German with the See also:Italian op-position to the See also:emperor by promoting the See also:marriage of the Countess Matilda with See also:young Well. of See also:Bavaria. He aided See also:Prince See also:Conrad in his See also:rebellion against his See also:father and crowned him See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of the Romans at See also:Milan in 1093, and likewise encouraged the Empress Praxedis in her charges against her See also:husband. By excommunicating See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip I. of See also:France for matrimonial infidelity in 1095, Urban opened a struggle which was not terminated until after his See also:death. Invited to See also:Tuscany by the Countess Matilda, he convoked a See also:council at See also:Piacenza in March 1095, attended by so vast a number of prelates and laymen that its sessions were held in the open See also:air, and addressed by ambassadors of See also:Alexis, the See also:Byzantine emperor, who sought aid against the Mussulmans. Urban crossed the See also:Alps in the summer, and remained over a See also:year in France and See also:Burgundy, being everywhere reverently received. He held a largely attended council at Clermont in See also:November 1095, where the See also:preaching of the First Crusade marked the most prominent feature of Urban's pontificate. Thenceforth until his death he was actively engaged in exhorting to See also:war against the infidels. Crusaders on their way through See also:Italy drove the antipope Clement III. finally from Rome in 1097, and established Urban firmly in the papal see. With a view to facilitating the crusade, a council was held at See also:Bari in See also:October 1098, at which religious See also:differences were debated and the exiled See also:Anselm of See also:Canterbury combated the Eastern view of the Procession of the See also:Holy See also:Ghost. Urban died suddenly at Rome on the 29th of July 1099, fourteen days after the See also:capture of See also:Jerusalem, but before the tidings of that event had reached Italy. His successor was See also:Paschal II.
It is well established that Urban preached the See also:sermon at Clermont which gave the impetus to the See also:crusades. The sermon was written out by Bishop See also:Baudry, who heard it, and is to be found in full in J. M. Watterich, Pontif. See also:Roman. Vitae. Letters of Urban are published in J. P. See also:Migne, See also:Patrol. See also:Lat., vol. 151.
See J. See also:Langen, Geschichte der romischen Kirche von Gregor VII. bis Innocenz III. (See also:Bonn, 1893) ; F. See also:Gregorovius, Rome in the See also:Middle Ages, vol. 4, trans. by Mrs G. W. See also:- HAMILTON
- HAMILTON (GRAND or ASHUANIPI)
- HAMILTON, ALEXANDER (1757-1804)
- HAMILTON, ANTHONY, or ANTOINE (1646-1720)
- HAMILTON, ELIZABETH (1758–1816)
- HAMILTON, EMMA, LADY (c. 1765-1815)
- HAMILTON, JAMES (1769-1831)
- HAMILTON, JAMES HAMILTON, 1ST DUKE OF (1606-1649)
- HAMILTON, JOHN (c. 1511–1571)
- HAMILTON, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
- HAMILTON, PATRICK (1504-1528)
- HAMILTON, ROBERT (1743-1829)
- HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM
- HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM (1730-1803)
- HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM ROWAN (1805-1865)
- HAMILTON, THOMAS (1789-1842)
- HAMILTON, WILLIAM (1704-1754)
- HAMILTON, WILLIAM GERARD (1729-1796)
Hamilton (See also:London, 1900–2); K. J. von See also:Hefele, Conciliengeschichte, vol. 5 (2nd ed., I873—go); Jaffe-See also:Wattenbach, Regesta pontif. Roman. vol. i (1885–88); H. H. See also:Milman, See also:History of Latin See also:Christianity, vol. 3 (London, 1899); M. F. See also:Steen, Zur Biographie See also:des Papstes Urbans II. (See also:Berlin, 1883); A. de Brimont, Un Pape au moyen See also:age—Urbain II. (See also:Paris, 1862); W. See also:Norden, Das Papsttum and Byzanz (Berlin, 1903); Gigalski, " See also:Die Stellung des Papstes Urbans II. zu den Sacramentshandlungen der Simonisten, Schismatiker and Haretiker," in the Tiibinger theol. Quartalschrift (1897).
End of Article: URBAN II
Additional information and Comments
There are no comments yet for this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.
Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.
|
del.icio.us it!