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WAYLAND THE SMITH (Scand. Volundr, Ge...

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 432 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WAYLAND THE See also:SMITH (Scand. Volundr, Ger. See also:Wieland) , See also:hero of See also:romance. The See also:legend of Wayland probably had its See also:home in the See also:north, where he and his See also:brother Egi112 were the types of the skilled workman, but there are abundant See also:local traditions of the wonderful smith in See also:Westphalia and in See also:southern See also:England. His See also:story is told in one of the See also:oldest songs of the See also:Edda, the Volundarkiba, and, with considerable See also:variations, in the See also:prose pi8rekssaga (Thidrek's See also:sage) , while the Anglo-Saxon See also:Beowulf and Deor's Lament contain allusions to it. The See also:tale of Wayland falls naturally into two parts, the former of which contains obviously mythical features. He was the son of the See also:giant sailor Wate and of a mermaiden. His grandfather was that Vilkinus, See also:king of See also:Norway, who See also:lent his name to the Vilkina- or pi8rekssaga. Three See also:brothers Vdlundr, Egill and Slagfipr seized the See also:swan-maidens Hlapgupr, Olr{1n and Hervor, who, divested of their See also:feather dresses, stayed with them seven or eight years as their wives. The second See also:part of the story concerns Volundr, See also:lord of the elves, the cunning smith, who, after learning his See also:art from See also:Mime, then from the dwarfs, came to the See also:court of King NiPopr, and there defeated in fight the smith Amilias. Volundr's See also:sword, Mimung, with which he won this victory, was one of the famous weapons in See also:German epic See also:poetry. In the See also:Dietrich See also:cycle it descended to 2 Egill was compelled to prove his skill as an See also:archer by See also:shooting an See also:apple off the See also:head of his three-See also:year-old son; he is thus the prototype of See also:William Tell.

Wayland's son Wittich, and was cunningly exchanged by See also:

Hildebrand for a commoner blade before Wittich's fight with Dietrich. Nfyopr, in See also:order to secure Volundr's services, lamed him by cutting the sinews of his knees, and then established him in a smithy on a neighbouring See also:island. The smith avenged himself by the slaughter of Nipopr's two sons and the See also:rape of his daughter Bodvildr. He then soared away on wings he had prepared. The story in its See also:main outlines bears a striking resemblance to the myth of See also:Daedalus. For the vengeance of VSlundr there is a very See also:close counterpart in the See also:medieval versions of the vengeance, of the Moorish slave on his See also:master. The denouement of this tale, which made its first See also:appearance in See also:European literature in the De obedientia (See also:Opera, See also:Venice, 3 vols., 1518–1519) of Jovianus See also:Pontanus (d. 1503), is different, for the Moorish slave casts himself down from a high See also:tower. The See also:Aaron of the Shakespearian See also:play of See also:Titus Andronicus was eventually derived from this source. Swords fashioned by Wayland are See also:regular properties of medieval romance. King Rhydderich gave one to See also:Merlin, and Rimenhild made a similar See also:gift to See also:Child See also:Horn. See also:English local tradition placed Wayland Smith's forge in a See also:cave close to the See also:White See also:Horse in Berkshire_ If a horse to be shod, or any broken See also:tool were See also:left with a sixpenny piece at the entrance of the cave the See also:repairs would presently be executed.

The earliest extant See also:

record of the Wayland legend is the See also:representation in carved See also:ivory on a See also:casket of Northumbrian workman-See also:ship of a date not later than the beginning of the 8th See also:century. The fragments of this casket, known as the See also:Franks casket, came The Franks Casket. into the See also:possession of a See also:professor at Clermont in See also:Auvergne about the See also:middle of the last century, and was presented to the See also:British Museum by See also:Sir A. W. Franks, who had bought it in See also:Paris for a dealer. One fragment is in See also:Florence. The left-See also:hand compartment of the front of the casket shows Volundr holding with a pair of See also:tongs the See also:skull of one of Nfpopr's See also:children, which he is fashioning into a See also:goblet. The boy's See also:body lies at his feet. Bodvildr and her attendant also appear, and Egill, who in one version made Volundr's wings, is depicted in the See also:act of catching birds. See also See also:Vigfusson and See also:Powell, Corpus poet. bor. (i. pp. 168-174, See also:Oxford, 1883); A.

S. See also:

Napier, The Franks Casket (Oxford, 19o1); G. See also:Sarrazin, Germanische Heldensage in Shakespere's Titus Andronicus (Herrig's Archiv, xevii., See also:Brunswick, 1896); P. Maurus, See also:Die Wielandsage in der Literatur (See also:Erlangen and See also:Leipzig, 1902) ; C. B. Depping and F. See also:Michel, Veland le Forgeron (Paris, 1833). Sir See also:Walter See also:Scott handled the Wayland legend in See also:Kenilworth; there are dramas on the subject by Borsch (See also:Bonn, I895), English version by A. See also:Comyn (See also:London, 1898), See also:August See also:Demmin (Leipzig, 1880), H. See also:Drachmann Co nhagen, 1898), and one founded on K. See also:Simrock's heroic poem on Wieland is printed in See also:Richard See also:Wagner's Gesammelte Schriften (vol. iii. and ed., Leipzig, 1887).

End of Article: WAYLAND THE SMITH (Scand. Volundr, Ger. Wieland)

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