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CAMBRAI , a See also:town of See also:northern See also:France, See also:capital of an See also:arrondissement in the See also:department of See also:Nord, 37 M. S.S.E. of See also:Lille on the See also:main See also:line of the Northern railway. Pop. (1906) 21,791. Cambrai is situated on the right and eastern See also:bank of the See also:Scheldt (arms of which See also:traverse the See also:west of the town) and at one extremity of the See also:canal of St Quentin. The fortifications with which it was formerly surrounded have been for the most See also:part demolished. The fosses have been filled up and the ramparts in part levelled to make way, as the suburbs extended, for avenues stretching out on all sides. The See also:chief survivals from the demolition are the huge square citadel, which rises to the See also:east of the town, the See also:chateau de Selles, a See also:good specimen of the military See also:architecture of the 13th See also:century, and, among other See also:gates, the See also:Porte Notre-See also:Dame, a See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone and See also:brick structure of the See also:early 17th century. Handsome boulevards now skirt the town, the streets of which are clean and well-ordered, and a large public See also:garden extends at the See also:foot of the citadel, with a statue of Enguerrand de See also:Monstrelet the chronicler. The former See also:cathedral of Cambrai was destroyed after the Revolution. The See also:present cathedral of Notre-Dame is a See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of the 9th century built on the site of the old See also:abbey church of St See also:Sepulchre. Among other monuments it contains that of See also:Fenelon, See also:archbishop from 1695 to 1715, by See also:David d'See also:Angers. The church of St Gery (18th century) contains, among other See also:works of See also:art, a See also:marble See also:rood-See also:screen of See also:Renaissance workmanship. The See also:Place d'Armes, a large square in the centre of the town, is bordered on the See also:north by a handsome hotel de ville built in 1634 and rebuilt in the 19th century. The Tour St See also:- MARTIN (Martinus)
- MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
- MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
- MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
- MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
- MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
- MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
- MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
- MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
- MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
- MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)
Martin is an old church-See also:tower of the 15th and 18th centuries transformed into a See also:belfry. The triple stone portal, which gave entrance to the former archiepiscopal See also:palace, is a See also:work of the Renaissance See also:period. The
present archbishop's palace, adjoining the cathedral, occupies the site of an old See also:Benedictine See also:convent.
Cambrai is the seat of an archbishop and a sub-See also:prefect, and has tribunals of first instance and of See also:commerce, a See also:board of See also:trade-arbitrators, a chamber of commerce and a See also:branch of the Bank of France. Its educational institutions include communal colleges, ecclesiastical seminaries, and See also:schools of See also:drawing and See also:music. The library has over 40,000 volumes and there is a museum of antiquities and See also:objects of art. The chief See also:industry of Cambrai is the See also:weaving of See also:muslin (batiste) and other See also:fine fabrics (see See also:CAMBRIC); See also:wool-See also:spinning and weaving, See also:bleaching and See also:dyeing, are carried on, as well as the manufacture of See also:chicory, oil, See also:soap, sausages and See also:- METAL
- METAL (through Fr. from Lat. metallum, mine, quarry, adapted from Gr. µATaXAov, in the same sense, probably connected with ,ueraAAdv, to search after, explore, µeTa, after, aAAos, other)
metal boxes. There are also large See also:beet-See also:sugar works and breweries and distilleries. Trade is in See also:cattle, See also:grain, See also:coal, hops, See also:seed, &c.
Cambrai is the See also:ancient Nervian town of Camaracum, which is mentioned in the Antonine Itinerary. In the 5th century it was the capital of the Frankish See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king Raguacharius. Fortified by See also:Charlemagne, it was captured and pillaged by the See also:Normans in. 87o, and unsuccessfully besieged by the Hungarians in 953. During the loth, rth and 12th centuries it was the See also:scene of frequent hostilities between the See also:bishop and his supporters on the one See also:hand and the citizens on the other; but the latter ultimately effected their See also:independence. In 1478 See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XI., who had obtained See also:possession of the town on the See also:death of See also:Charles the Bold, See also:duke of See also:Burgundy, handed it over to the See also:emperor, and in the 16th century Charles V. caused it to be fortified with a strong citadel, for the erection of which the castles of Cavillers, Escaudoeuvres and many others were demolished.. From that date to the See also:peace of See also:Nijmwegen, 1678, which assigned it to France, it frequently passed from hand to hand by See also:capture or treaty. In 1793 it was besieged in vain by the Austrians. The See also:League of Cambrai is the name given to the See also:alliance of See also:Pope See also:Julius II., Louis XIL, See also:Maximilian I., and See also:Ferdinand the See also:Catholic against the Venetians in 15o8; and the peace of Cambrai, or as it is also called, the Ladies' Peace, was concluded in the town in 1529 by See also:Louise of See also:Savoy, See also:mother of See also:Francis I., and See also:Margaret of See also:Austria, aunt of Charles V., in the name of these monarchs. The bishopric of Cambrai See also:dates from the 5th century, and was raised in 1559 to the See also:rank of an archbishopric, which continued till the Revolution, and has since been restored. The bishops received the See also:title of See also:count from the emperor See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry I. (919-936), and in 1510 were raised to' the dignity of See also:dukes, their territory including the town itself and its territory, called Cambresis.
See E. Bouly, Histoire de Cambrai et du Cambresis (See also:Cambria, 1843).
End of Article: CAMBRAI
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