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GILPIN, BERNARD (1517-1583)

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 26 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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GILPIN, BERNARD (1517-1583)

GILPIN, See also:
BERNARD, CHARLES DE
BERNARD, CLAUDE (1813-1878)
BERNARD, JACQUES (1658--1718)
BERNARD, MOUNTAGUE (1S2o—1882)
BERNARD, SAINT
BERNARD, SAINT (Iogo-1153)
BERNARD, SIMON (1779—1839)
BERNARD, SIR THOMAS, BART
BERNARD (1517-1583) , the " Apostle of the See also:

North," was descended from a See also:

Westmorland See also:

FAMILY

family, and was See also:

horn at Kentmere in 1517. He was educated at See also:

Queen's See also:

COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

Oxford, graduating B.A. in 1540, M.A. in 1542 and B.D. in 1549. He was elected See also:

FELLOW

fellow of Queen's and ordained in 1542; subsequently he was elected student of See also:

Christ See also:

Church. At Oxford he first adhered to the conservative See also:

side, and defended the doctrines of the church against See also:

HOOPER, JOHN (d. 1555)

Hooper; but his confidence was somewhat shaken by another public disputation which he had with See also:

Peter See also:

MARTYR (Gr. pimp or µaprvs)

Martyr. In 1552 he preached before See also:

King See also:

EDWARD

Edward VI. a sermonon See also:

SACRILEGE

sacrilege, which was duly published, and displays the high ideal which even then he had formed of the clerical See also:

OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office; and about the same See also:

time he was presented to the vicarage of See also:

Norton, in the See also:

DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese of See also:

Durham, and obtained a See also:

LICENCE (through the French from Lat. licentia, licere, to be lawful)

licence, through See also:

William See also:

CECIL

Cecil, as a See also:

general preacher throughout the See also:

KINGDOM

kingdom as See also:

long as the king lived. On See also:

Mary's See also:

ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession he went abroad to pursue his theological investigations at See also:

LOUVAIN (Flem. Leuven)

Louvain, See also:

Antwerp and See also:

Paris; and from a See also:

LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter of his own, dated Louvain, 1554, we get a glimpse of the quiet student rejoicing in an " excellent library belonging to a monastery of Minorites." Returning to See also:

England towards the See also:

close of Queen Mary's reign, he was invested by his See also:

MOTHER

mother's See also:

UNCLE

uncle, See also:

Tunstall, See also:

bishop of Durham, with the archdeaconry of Durham, to which the rectory of Easington was annexed. The freedom of his attacks on the vices, and especially the clerical vices, of his times excited hostility against him, and he was formally brought before the bishop on a See also:

charge consisting of thirteen articles. Tunstall, however, not only dismissed the See also:

case, but presented the offender with the See also:

rich living of See also:

HOUGHTON, RICHARD MONCKTON MILNES, 1ST BARON (1809—1885)

Houghton-le-See also:

SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

Spring; and when the See also:

ACCUSATION (Lat. accusatio, accusare, to challenge to a causa, a suit or trial at law)

accusation was again brought forward, he again protected him. Enraged at this defeat, Gilpin's enemies laid their complaint before See also:

BONNER, EDMUND (1500?—1569)

Bonner, bishop of See also:

LONDON

London, who secured a royal See also:

WARRANT (Med. Lat. warantum; O. Fr. garant, warant, derived from O.H.G. root represented in modern German bygewdhren)

warrant for his See also:

APPREHENSION (Lat. ad, to; prehendere, to seize)

apprehension. Upon this Gilpin prepared for martyrdom; and, having ordered his See also:

house-steward to provide him with a long garment, that he might " goe the more comely to the stake," he set out for London. Fortunately, however, for him, he See also:

broke his See also:

leg on the See also:

JOURNEY (through O. Fr. jornee or journee, mod. Fr. journee, from med. Lat. diurnata, Lat. diurnus, of or belonging to dies, day)

journey, and his arrival was thus delayed till the See also:

NEWS

news of Queen Mary's See also:

DEATH

death freed him from further danger. He at once returned to Houghton, and there he continued to labour till his death on the 4th of See also:

March 1583.

When the See also:

ROMAN

Roman See also:

CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic bishops were deprived he was offered the see of See also:

Carlisle; but he declined this See also:

HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour and also the provostship of Queen's, which was offered him in 156o. At Houghton his course of See also:

LIFE

life was a ceaseless See also:

ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round of benevolent activity. In See also:

JUNE

June 156o he entertained Cecil and Dr See also:

Nicholas See also:

Wotton on their way to See also:

EDINBURGH

Edinburgh. His hospitable manner of living was the admiration of all. His living was a comparatively rich one, his house was better than many bishops' palaces, and his position was that of a clerical See also:

MAGNATE (Late Lat. magnas, a great man)

magnate. In his See also:

HOUSEHOLD, ROYAL

household he spent " every fortnight 40 bushels of See also:

corn, 20 bushels of See also:

MALT (O. Eng., mealt; O. Sax., malt; O. Tent., maltos; Mod. Ger., Malz; Scand., malt; probably derived from the Sanskrit mrdu, soft, thus having reference to the fact that malt is raw grain rendered soft or tender)

malt and an ox, besides a proportional quantity of other kinds of provisions." Strangers and travellers found a ready reception; and even their horses were treated with so much care that it was humorously said that, if one were turned loose in any See also:

PART

part of the See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, it would immediately make its way to the See also:

RECTOR (Lat. for " ruler," " guide," &c., from regere, " rule ")

rector of Houghton. Every See also:

SUNDAY

Sunday from Michaelmas till See also:

EASTER

Easter was a public See also:

day with Gilpin. For the reception of his parishioners he had three tables well covered—one for gentlemen, the second for See also:

HUSBAND

husband-men, the third for day-labourers; and this piece of hospitality he never omitted, even when losses or scarcity made its continuance difficult. He built and endowed a See also:

GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

grammar-school at a cost of upwards of £5oo, educated and maintained a large number of poor See also:

CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children at his own charge, and provided the more promising pupils with means of studying at the See also:

UNIVERSITIES

universities. So many See also:

young See also:

PEOPLE

people, indeed, flocked to his school that there was not See also:

ACCOMMODATION (Lat. accommodare, to make fit, from ad, to, cum, with, and modus, measure)

accommodation for them in Houghton, and he had to See also:

fit up part of his house as a boarding See also:

ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment. Grieved at the See also:

IGNORANCE (Lat. ignorantia, from ignorare, not to know); want of knowledge, a state of mind which in law has important consequences. A well-known legal maxim runs: ignorantia juris non excusat ("ignorance of the law does not excuse")

ignorance and superstition which the remissness of the See also:

clergy permitted to flourish in the neighbouring parishes, he used every See also:

YEAR

year to visit the most neglected parts of See also:

Northumberland, See also:

YORKSHIRE

Yorkshire, See also:

CHESHIRE

Cheshire, Westmorland and See also:

Cumberland; and that his own See also:

FLOCK

flock might not suffer, he was at the expense of a See also:

CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

constant assistant. Among his parishioners he was looked up to as a See also:

JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge, and did See also:

GREAT

great service in preventing See also:

law-suits amongst them.

If an industrious See also:

man suffered a loss, he delighted to make it See also:

GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good; if the See also:

HARVEST (A.S. hcerfest " autumn," O.H. Ger. herbist, possibly through an old Teutonic root representing Lat. car pere, " to pluck ")

harvest was See also:

BAD, BCD

bad, he was liberal in the remission of See also:

TITHES

tithes. The boldness which he could display at need is well illustrated by his See also:

ACTION

action in regard to duelling. Finding one day a See also:

CHALLENGE (O. Fr. chalonge, calenge, &c., from Lat. calumnia, originally meaning trickery, from calvi, to deceive, hence a false accusation, a " calumny ")

challenge-See also:

GLOVE (O. Eng. glof, perhaps connected with Gothic lofa, the palm of the hand)

glove See also:

STUCK, FRANZ (1863— )

stuck up on the See also:

DOOR (corresponding to the Gr. Bbpa,. Lat. fores or valvae; the English word, with other forms common in allied languages, comes from the same Indo-European stem as the Gr. Obpa and Lat. fares)

door of a church where he was to preach, he took it down with his own See also:

hand, and proceeded to the See also:

PULPIT (from Lat. pulpitum, a staging, platform: equivalents are Fr. chaire d'eglise, Ital. pulpito, Ger. Kanzel)

pulpit to inveigh against the unchristian See also:

CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom. His theological position was not in See also:

ACCORD (from Fr. accorder, to agree)

accord with any of the religious parties of his See also:

AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age, and See also:

Gladstone thought that trimming employed by upholsterers to edge curtains, draperies, the catholicity of the See also:

ANGLICAN

Anglican Church was better exemplified in his career than in those of more prominent ecclesiastics (pref. to A. W. See also:

Hutton's edition of S. R. See also:

Maitland's Essays an the See also:

Reformation). He was not satisfied with the Elizabethan See also:

settlement, had great respect for the Fathers, and was with difficulty induced to subscribe. See also:

ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

Archbishop See also:

Sandys' views on the See also:

EUCHARIST (Gr. evXapurria, thanksgiving)

Eucharist horrified him; but on the other hand he maintained friendly relations with Bishop Pilkington and See also:

Thomas See also:

Lever, and the Puritans had some See also:

hope of his support. A life of Bernard Gilpin, written by See also:

George See also:

CARLETON, WILLIAM (1794-1869)

Carleton, bishop of See also:

CHICHESTER

Chichester, who had been a See also:

PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

pupil of Gilpin's at Houghton, will be found in See also:

Bates's Vitae selectorum See also:

ALIQUOT (a Lat. word meaning " some," " so many ")

aliquot virorum, &c. (London, 1681).

A See also:

TRANSLATION

translation of this See also:

SKETCH (directly adapted from Dutch schets, which was taken from Ital. schizzo, a rough draft, Lat. schedium, something hastily made, Gr. oxE&os, sudden, off-hand, axeb6v, near by; Ger. Skizze and Fr. esquisse are from the same source)

sketch by William Freake, See also:

MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister, was published at London, 1629; and in 1852 it was reprinted in See also:

GLASGOW

Glasgow, with an See also:

INTRODUCTORY

introductory See also:

ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

essay by Edward See also:

Irving. It forms one of the lives in See also:

CHRISTOPHER, SAINT (Christophorus, Christoferus)

Christopher See also:

Wordsworth'sEcclesiastical See also:

BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

Biography (vol. iii., 4th ed.), having been compared with Carleton's Latin See also:

TEXT (Lat. textum, woven fabric, from texere, to weave)

text. Another biography of Gilpin, which, however, adds little to Bishop Carleton's, was written by William Gilpin, M.A., See also:

PREBENDARY (Lat. praebendo = give or grant, through Low Lat. praebenda)

prebendary of Ailsbury (London, 1753 and 1854). See also See also:

DIET

Diet. Nat. Biog.

End of Article: GILPIN, BERNARD (1517-1583)

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