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HOADLY, BENJAMIN (1676-1761)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 542 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HOADLY, See also:BENJAMIN (1676-1761) , See also:English divine, was See also:born at Westerham, See also:Kent, on the 14th of See also:November 1676. In 1691 he entered Catharine See also:Hall, See also:Cambridge, where he graduated M.A. and was for two years See also:tutor, after which he held from 1701 to 1711 the lectureship of St Mildred in the Poultry, and along with it from 17o4 the rectory of St See also:Peter-le-Poer, See also:London. His first important See also:appearance as a controversialist was against See also:Edmund See also:Calamy " the younger "in reference to conformity (1703-1707), and after this he came into conflict with See also:Francis See also:Atterbury, first on the See also:interpretation of certain texts and then on the whole See also:Anglican See also:doctrine of non-resistance. His See also:principal See also:treatises on this subject were the See also:Measures of Submission to the See also:Civil See also:Magistrate and The Origin and Institution of Civil See also:Government discussed; and his See also:part in the discussion was so much appreciated by the See also:Commons that in 1709 they presented an address to the See also:queen praying her to " bestow some dignity in the See also:church on Mr Hoadly for his eminent services both to church and See also:state." The queen returned a favourable See also:answer, but the dignity was not conferred. In 1710 he was presented by a private See also:patron to the rectory of See also:Streatham in See also:Surrey. In 1715 he was appointed See also:chaplain to the See also:king, and the same See also:year he obtained the bishopric of See also:Bangor. He held the see for six years, but never visited the See also:diocese. In 1716, in reply to See also:George See also:Hickes (q.v.), he published a Preservative against the Principles and Practices of See also:Nonjurors in Church and State, and in the following year preached before the king his famous See also:sermon on the See also:Kingdom of See also:Christ, which was immediately published by royal command. These See also:works were attacks on the divine authority of See also:kings and of the See also:clergy, but as the sermon dealt more specifically and distinctly with the See also:power of the church, its publication caused an ecclesiastical ferment which in certain aspects has no parallel in religious See also:history. It was at once resolved to proceed against him in See also:convocation, but this was prevented by the king proroguing the See also:assembly, a step which had consequences of vital bearing on the history of the Church of See also:England, since from that See also:period the See also:great Anglican See also:council ceased to transact business of a more than formal nature. The restrained sentiments of the council in regard to Hoadly found expression in a See also:war of See also:pamphlets known as the Bangorian Controversy, which, partly from a want of clearness in the statements of Hoadly, partly from the disingenuousness of his opponents and the confusion resulting from exasperated feelings, See also:developed into an intricate and bewildering See also:maze of See also:side discussions in which the See also:main issues of the dispute were concealed almost beyond the possibility of See also:discovery. But however vague and uncertain might be the meaning of Hoadly in regard to several of the important See also:bearings of the questions around which he aroused discussion, he was explicit in denying the power of the Church over the See also:conscience, and its right to determine the See also:condition of men in relation to the favour of See also:God.

The most able of his opponents was See also:

William See also:Law; others we:e See also:Andrew Snape, See also:provost of See also:Eton, and See also:Thomas See also:Sherlock, See also:dean of See also:Chichester. So exercised was the mind of the religious See also:world over the dispute that in See also:July 1717 as many as seventy-four pamphlets made their appearance; and at one period the crisis became so serious that the business of London was for some days virtually at a stand-still. Hoadly, being not unskilled in the See also:art of flattery, was translated in 1721 to the see of See also:Hereford, in 1723 to See also:Salisbury and in 1734 to See also:Winchester. He died at his See also:palace at See also:Chelsea on the 17th of See also:April 1761. His controversial writings are vigorous if prolix and his theological essays have little merit. He must have been a much hated See also:man, for his latitudinarianism offended the high church party and his See also:rationalism the other sections. He was an intimate friend of Dr See also:Samuel See also:Clarke, of whom he wrote a See also:life. Hoadly's See also:brother, JON HOADLY (1678-1746), was See also:archbishop of See also:Dublin from 1730 to 1742 and archbishop of See also:Armagh from the latter date until his See also:death on the 19th of July 1746. In See also:early life the archbishop was very intimate with See also:Gilbert See also:Burnet, thenbishop of Salisbury, and in later life he was a prominent figure in Irish politics. The works of Benjamin Hoadly were collected and published by his son See also:John in 3 vols. (1773). To the first See also:volume was prefixed the See also:article "Hoadly" from the supplement to the Biographia Britannica.

See also L. See also:

Stephen, English Thought in the 18th See also:Century.

End of Article: HOADLY, BENJAMIN (1676-1761)

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