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KIMBERLEY, JOHN WODEHOUSE, 1ST EARL O...

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 799 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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KIMBERLEY, See also:JOHN WODEHOUSE, 1ST See also:EARL OF (1826-1902) , See also:English statesman, was See also:born on the 7th of See also:January 1826, being the eldest son of the Hon. See also:Henry Wodehouse and See also:grandson of the 2nd See also:Baron Wodehouse (the See also:barony dating from 1797), whom he succeeded in 1846. He was educated at See also:Eton and See also:Christ See also:Church, See also:Oxford, where he took a first-class degree in See also:classics in 1847; in the same See also:year married See also:Lady See also:Florence Fitzgibbon (d. 1895), daughter of the last earl of See also:Clare. He was by See also:inheritance a Liberal in politics, and in 1852-1856 and 1859-1861 he was under secretary of See also:state for See also:foreign affairs in See also:Lord See also:Aberdeen's and Lord See also:Palmerston's ministries. In the See also:interval (1856-1858) he had been See also:envoy-extraordinary to See also:Russia; and in 1863 he was sent on a See also:special See also:mission to See also:Copenhagen on the forlorn See also:hope of finding a peaceful See also:solution of the See also:Schleswig-See also:Holstein question. The mission was a failure, but probably nothing else was possible. In 1864 he became under secretary for See also:India, but towards the end of the year was made Lord-See also:Lieutenant of See also:Ireland. In that capacity he had to grapple with the first manifestations of Fenianism, and in recognition of his vigour and success he was created (1866) earl of Kimberley. In See also:July 1866 he vacated his See also:office with the fall of Lord See also:Russell's See also:ministry, but in 1868 he became Lord Privy See also:Seal in Mr Glad-See also:stone's See also:cabinet, and in July 1870 was transferred from that See also:post to be secretary of state for the colonies. It was the moment of the See also:great See also:diamond discoveries in See also:South See also:Africa, and the new See also:town of Kimberley was named after the colonial secretary of the See also:day. After an interval of opposition from 1874 to 1880, Lord Kimberley returned to the Colonial Office in Mr See also:Gladstone's next ministry; but at the end of 1882 he exchanged this office first for that of See also:chancellor of the duchy of See also:Lancaster and then for the secretaryship of state for India, a post he retained during the See also:remainder of Mr Gladstone's See also:tenure of See also:power (1882-1886, 1892-1894), though in 1892-1894 he combined with it that of the lord See also:presidency of the See also:council.

In Lord See also:

Rosebery's cabinet (1894-1895) he was foreign secretary. Lord Kimberley was an admirable departmental See also:chief, but it is difficult to See also:associate his own See also:personality with any ministerial See also:act during his occupation of all these posts. He was at the colonial office when responsible See also:government was granted to Cape See also:Colony, when See also:British See also:Columbia was added to the Dominion of See also:Canada, and during the See also:Boer See also:War of 1880-81, with its conclusion at See also:Majuba; and he was foreign secretary when the misunderstanding arose with See also:Germany over the proposed See also:lease of territory from the See also:Congo See also:Free State for the Cape to See also:Cairo route. He was essentially a loyal Gladstonian party See also:man. His moderation, See also:common sense, and patriotism had their See also:influence, nevertheless, on his colleagues. As See also:leader of the Liberal party in the See also:House of Lords he acted with undeviating dignity; and in opposition he was a courteous antagonist and a critic of See also:weight and experience. He took considerable See also:interest in See also:education, and after being for many years a member of the See also:senate of See also:London University, he became its chancellor in 1899. He died in London on the 8th of See also:April 1902, being succeeded in the earldom by his eldest and only surviving son, Lord Wodehouse (b. 1848).

End of Article: KIMBERLEY, JOHN WODEHOUSE, 1ST EARL OF (1826-1902)

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