|
See also:LIVINGSTON, See also:ROBERT R . (1746-1813), See also:American statesman, son of Robert R. Livingston (1718-1775; a See also:justice of the New See also:York supreme See also:court after 1763) and See also:brother of See also:Edward Livingston (see above), was See also:born in New York See also:City, on the 27th of See also:November 1746. He graduated at See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King's See also:College, New York (now See also:Columbia University), hi 1765, was admitted to the See also:bar in 1773, and for a See also:short See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time was a See also:law partner of See also:John See also:Jay. In 1773 he became See also:recorder of New York City, but soon identified himself with the Whig or Patriot See also:element there, and was forced to give up this position in 1775. He was a member of the second, third and See also:fourth Provincial Congresses of New York (1775-1777), was a delegate from New York to the See also:Continental See also:Congress in
1775-1777 and again in 1779-1780, and was a member of the See also:committee which drafted the See also:Declaration of See also:Independence. He was prevented from See also:signing that document by his See also:absence at the time to attend a See also:- MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)
meeting of the fourth New York Provincial Congress, which on the loth of See also:July became the See also:Convention of the Representatives of the See also:state of New York, and by which at See also:Kingston in 1777 the first state constitution was adopted, Livingston having been a member of the committee that drafted this See also:instrument. He was the first See also:chancellor of the state, from 1777 to See also:February 18oi, and is best known as " Chancellor " Livingston. In this capacity he administered the See also:oath of See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office to See also:Washington at his first inauguration to the See also:presidency, in New York, on the 3oth of See also:April 1789. Previously, from See also:October 1781 to See also:June 1783, he had been the first secretary of See also:foreign affairs under the See also:Confederation, and his See also:European See also:correspondence, especially with See also:Franklin, was of the utmost value in accomplishing See also:peace with See also:Great See also:Britain. In 1788 he had been a member of the New York Convention, which ratified for that state the Federal Constitution. He became an See also:anti-Federalist and in 1798 unsuccessfully opposed John Jay in the New York gubernatorial See also:campaign. In 18o1, having refused an See also:appointment as secretary of the See also:navy, he became See also:minister to See also:France on See also:President See also:Jefferson's appointment. He had refused this See also:post when Washington offered it to him in 1794. He arrived in France in November 18oi, and in 1803, in association with See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James See also:Monroe, effected on behalf of his See also:government the See also:purchase from France of what was then known as " See also:Louisiana," the See also:credit for this purchase being largely his (see LouISIANA PURCHASE). In i8o4 Livingston withdrew from public See also:life, and after a See also:year
of travel in See also:Europe returned to New York, where he promoted various improvements in See also:agriculture. He did much to introduce the use of See also:gypsum as a fertilizer, and published an See also:Essay on See also:Sheep (1809). He was See also:long interested in the problem of See also:steam See also:navigation; before he went to France he received from the state of New York a See also:monopoly of steam navigation on the See also:waters of the state and assisted in the experiments of his brother-in-law, John See also:Stevens; in See also:Paris he met Robert See also:Fulton, and with him in 1802 made successful trials on the See also:Seine of a See also:paddle See also:wheel steamboat; in 1803 Livingston (jointly with Robert Fulton) received a renewal of his monopoly in New York, and the first successful steam-See also:vessel, which operated on the See also:Hudson in 18o7, was named after Livingston's See also:home, Clermont (N.Y.). He died at Clermont on the 26th of February 1813.
Livingston and See also:George See also:Clinton were chosen to represent New York state in Statuary See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
Hall, in the Capitol, at Washington, D.C.; the statue of Livingston is by E. D. See also:Palmer.
See See also:Frederick de Peyster, See also:Biographical See also:Sketch of Robert R. Livingston (New York, 1876); Robert K. See also:Morton, Robert R. Livingston: Beginnings of American See also:Diplomacy," in The John P. See also:Branch See also:Historical Papers of See also:Randolph-See also:Macon College, i. 299-324, and ii. 34-46; and J. B. See also:Moore, " Robert R. Livingston and the Louisiana Purchase," in Columbia University Quarterly, v. 6 (1904), pp. 221-229.
End of Article: LIVINGSTON, ROBERT R
Additional information and Comments
There are no comments yet for this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.
Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.
|
del.icio.us it!