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ADELAIDE

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Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 189 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ADELAIDE , the See also:

capital of See also:South See also:Australia. It is situated in the See also:county to which it gives name, on the See also:banks of the See also:river See also:Torrens, 7 M. from its mouth. Its site is a level See also:plain, near the See also:foot of the See also:Mount Lofty range,-in which Mount Lofty itself reaches 2334 ft. The broad streets of the See also:city intersect at right angles. It is divided into See also:North Adelaide, the residential, and South Adelaide, the business See also:quarter. A broad See also:strip of See also:park lands lies between them, through which runs the river Torrens, crossed by five See also:bridges and greatly improved by a See also:dam on the See also:west of the city. The banks are beautifully laid out. Broad belts of park lands surround both North and South Adelaide, and as the greater portion of these lands is planted with See also:fine shady trees, this feature renders Adelaide one of the most attractive cities in See also:Australasia. South Adelaide is bounded by four broad terraces facing north, south, See also:east and west. The See also:main thoroughfare, See also:King See also:William See also:Street, runs north and south, passing through See also:Victoria Square, a small park in the centre of the city. Handsome public buildings are numerous. See also:Government See also:House stands in grounds on the north See also:side of North Ter-See also:race, with several other See also:official buildings in the vicinity; but the See also:majority are in King William Street.

Here are the See also:

town See also:hall, with the lofty See also:Albert See also:Tower, and the See also:general See also:post See also:office, with the Victoria Tower—which, with the old and new Government offices, the See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also:cathedral of St See also:Francis See also:Xavier and the See also:court houses, surround Victoria Square. On North See also:Terrace are the houses of See also:parliament, and the See also:institute, containing a public library and museum. Here is also Adelaide University, established by an See also:act of 1874, and opened in 1876. The existing buildings were opened in 1882. Munificent gifts have from See also:time to time assisted in the See also:extension of its See also:scope, as for example that of See also:Sir See also:Thomas See also:Elder (d. 1897), who took a leading See also:part in the See also:foundation of the university. This See also:gift, among other provisions, enabled the Elder Conservatorium of See also:Music to be established, the See also:building for which was opened in 1900. In 1903 a building for the See also:schools of See also:engineering and See also:science was opened. The See also:total number of students in the university approaches 1000. To the east of the university is the building in which the See also:exhibition was held in See also:commemoration of the See also:jubilee of the See also:colony in 1887. This building is occupied by the Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Society, a technical museum, &c. The school of mines and See also:industries (1903) stands east of this again.

The buildings of the numerous important commercial, social and charitable institutions add to the dignity of the city. The See also:

Anglican cathedral of St See also:Peter (1878) is in North Adelaide. The Botanical Park, which has an See also:area of 84 acres,.lies on the south See also:bank of the Torrens, on the east of the city. It includes the Zoological See also:Garden, is beautifully laid out and forms one of the most attractive features of Adelaide. The city has a number of See also:good statues, See also:chief among which are copies of the See also:Farnese See also:Hercules (Victoria Square) and of See also:Canova's See also:Venus (North Terrace), statues of See also:Queen Victoria and See also:Robert See also:Burns, Sir Thomas Elder's statue at the university, and a memorial (1905) over the See also:grave of See also:Colonel See also:Light, founder of the colony, in Light Square. Adelaide is governed by a See also:mayor and six aldermen elected by the whole See also:body of the ratepayers, and is the only Australian city in which the mayor is so elected. The chief industries are the manufacture of woollen, earthenware and See also:iron goods, See also:brewing, See also:starch-making, See also:flour-milling and See also:soap-boiling. Adelaide is also the central See also:share See also:market of Australia, for West Australian See also:gold-mines, for the See also:silver-mines at Broken See also:Hill, and for the See also:copper-mines at See also:Wallaroo, Burra Burra and Moonta; while See also:Port Adelaide, on the neighbouring See also:shore of St See also:Vincent Gulf, ranks as the third in the See also:Commonwealth. Adelaide is the See also:terminus of an extensive railway See also:system, the main See also:line of which runs through See also:Melbourne, See also:Sydney and See also:Brisbane to See also:Rockhampton. In summer the See also:climate is often oppressively hot under the See also:influence of winds blowing from the interior, but the proximity of the See also:sea on the one side and of the mountains on the other allows the inhabitants to avoid the excessive See also:heat; at other seasons, however, the climate is mild and pleasant; with a mean See also:annual rainfall of 20.4 ins. The See also:vice-See also:regal summer See also:residence is at See also:Marble Hill, on the Mount Lofty range. Adelaide was founded in 1836 and incorporated in 1843.

It received its name at the See also:

desire of King William IV., in See also:honour of Queen Adelaide. See also:Round the city are many pleasant suburbs, connected with it by See also:rail and tramways; the chief of these are See also:Burnside, See also:Beaumont, Unley, See also:Mitcham, See also:Goodwood, Plymton, Hindmarsh, Prospect, St See also:Peters, See also:Norwood and See also:Kensington. See also:Glenelg is a favourite watering-See also:place. The See also:population of the city proper was 39,240 in 19or; of the city and suburbs within a ro-See also:miles See also:radius, 162,261.

End of Article: ADELAIDE

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ADELAER, or ADELER (Norwegian for " eagle ")
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ADELAIDE (Ger. Adelheid) (931-999)