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COLDEN, CADWALLADER (1688–1776)

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 664 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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COLDEN, CADWALLADER (1688–1776) , See also:American physician and colonial See also:official, was See also:born at See also:Duns, See also:Scotland, on the 17th of See also:February 1688. He graduated at the university of See also:Edinburgh in 1705, spent three years in See also:London in the study of See also:medicine, and emigrated to See also:America in 1708. After practising medicine for ten years in See also:Philadelphia, he was invited to See also:settle in New See also:York by See also:Governor See also:Hunter, and in P718 was appointed the first surveyor-See also:general of the See also:colony. Becoming a member of the provincial See also:council in 1720, he served for many years as its See also:president, and from 1761 until his See also:death was See also:lieutenant-governor; for a considerable See also:part of the See also:time, during the See also:interim between the See also:appointment of See also:governors, he was acting-governor. About 1755 he retired from medical practice. As See also:early as 1729 he had built a See also:country See also:house called Coldengham on the See also:line between See also:Ulster and See also:Orange counties, where he spent much of his time until 1761. Aristocratic and extremely conservative, he had a violent distrust of popular See also:government and a strong aversion to the popular party in New York. Naturally he came into frequent conflict with the growing sentiment in the, colony in opposition to royal See also:taxation. He was acting-governor when in 1765 the stamped See also:paper to be used under the See also:Stamp See also:Act arrived in the See also:port of New York ; a See also:mob burned him in effigy in his own See also:coach in See also:Bowling See also:Green, in sight of the enraged acting-governor and of General See also:Gage; and Colden was compelled to surrender the stamps to the See also:city council, by whom they were invading See also:host, and See also:Montrose with the See also:Covenanters in 164o. Of the Cistercian priory, founded about 1165 by Cospatric of See also:Dunbar, and destroyed by the 1st See also:earl of See also:Hertford in 1545, which stood a little to the See also:east of the See also:present See also:market-See also:place, no trace remains; but for nearly four See also:hundred years it was a centre of religious fervour. Here it was that the papal See also:legate, in the reign of See also:Henry VIII., published a See also:bull against the See also:printing of the Scriptures; and by the See also:irony of See also:fate its site was occupied in the 19th See also:century by an See also:establishment, under Dr See also:Adam See also:Thomson, for the See also:production of cheap Bibles. At See also:Coldstream General See also:Monk raised in 1659 the celebrated See also:regiment of See also:Foot See also:Guards bearing its name.

Like Gretna Green, Coldstream See also:

long enjoyed a notoriety as the resort of runaway couples, the old See also:toll-house at the See also:bridge being the usual See also:scene of the See also:marriage ceremony. " Marriage House," as it is called, still exists in See also:good repair. Henry See also:Brougham, afterwards See also:lord See also:chancellor, was married in this clandestine way, though in an See also:inn and not at the bridge, in 1821. Birgham, 3 M. See also:west, was once a place of no small importance, for there in 1188 See also:William the See also:Lion conferred with the See also:bishop of See also:Durham concerning the See also:attempt of the See also:English See also:Church to impose its supremacy upon Scotland; there in 1289 was held the See also:convention to consider the question of the marriage of the Maid of See also:Norway with See also:Prince See also:Edward of See also:England; and there, too, in 1290 was signed the treaty of Birgham, which secured the See also:independence of Scotland. Seven See also:miles below Coldstream on the English See also:side, though 6 m. See also:north-east of it, are the massive ruins of Norham See also:Castle, made famous by See also:Scott's Marmion, and See also:horn the time of its See also:building by Ranulph See also:Flambard in 1121 a See also:focus of Border See also:history during four centuries.

End of Article: COLDEN, CADWALLADER (1688–1776)

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