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See also:MAYENNE, See also:CHARLES OF See also:LORRAINE , DuxE OF (1554—1611), second son of See also:Francis of Lorraine, second See also:duke of See also:Guise, was See also:born on the 26th of See also:March 1554. He was absent from See also:France at the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of the See also:massacre of See also:Saint See also:Bartholomew, but took See also:part in the See also:siege of La Rochelle in the following See also:year, when he was created duke and peer of France. He went with See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry of See also:Valois, duke of See also:Anjou (afterwards Henry III.), on his See also:election as See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Poland, but soon returned to France to become the energetic supporter and See also:lieutenant of his See also:brother, the 3rd duke of Guise. In 1577 he gained conspicuous successes over the Huguenot forces in See also:Poitou. As See also:governor of See also:Burgundy he raised his See also:province in the cause of the See also:League in 1585. The assassination of his See also:brothers at See also:Blois on the 23rd and 24th of See also:December 1588 See also:left him at the See also:head of the See also:Catholic party. The Venetian See also:ambassador, See also:Mocenigo, states that Mayenne had warned Henry III. that there was a See also:plot afoot to seize his See also:person and to send him by force to See also:Paris. At the time of the See also:murder he was at See also:Lyons, where he received a See also:letter from the king saying that he had acted on his warning, and ordering him to retire to his See also:government. Mayenne professed obedience, but immediately made preparations for marching on Paris. After a vain See also:attempt to recover the persons of those of his relatives who had been arrested at Blois he proceeded to recruit troops in his government of Burgundy and in See also:Champagne. Paris was devoted to the See also:house of Guise and had been roused to fury by the See also:news of the nurder. When Mayenne entered the See also:city in See also:February 1589 he found it dominated by representatives of the sixteen quarters of Paris, all fanatics of the League. He formed a See also:council See also:general to See also:direct the affairs of the city and to maintain relations with the other towns faithful to the League. To this council each See also:quarter sent four representatives, and Mayenne added representatives of the various trades and professions of Paris in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to counterbalance this revolutionary See also:element. He constituted himself " lieutenant-general of the See also:state and See also:crown of France," taking his See also:oath before the See also:parlement of Paris. In See also:April he advanced on See also:Tours. Henry III. in his extremity sought an See also:alliance with Henry of See also:Navarre, and the allied forces drove the leaguers back, and had laid siege to Paris, when the murder of Henry III. by a Dominican fanatic changed the See also:face of affairs and gave new strength to the Catholic party.
Mayenne was urged to claim the crown for himself, but he was faithful to the See also:official See also:programme of the League and See also:pro-claimed Charles, See also:cardinal of See also:Bourbon, at that time a prisoner in the hands of Henry IV., as Charles X. Henry IV. retired to See also:Dieppe, followed by Mayenne, who joined his forces with those of his See also:cousin Charles, duke of See also:Aumale, and Charles de Cosse, See also:comte de See also:Brissac, and engaged the royal forces in a See also:succession of fights in the neighbourhood of Arques (See also:September 1589). He was defeated and out-marched by Henry IV., who moved on Paris, but retreated before Mayenne's forces. In 1590 Mayenne received additions to his See also:army from the See also:Spanish See also:Netherlands, and took the See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field again, only to suffer See also:complete defeat at Ivry (March 14, 1590). He then escaped to Mantes, and in September collected a fresh army at See also:Meaux, and with the assistance of See also:Alexander See also:Farnese, See also:prince of See also:Parma, sent by See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip II., raised the siege of Paris, which was about to surrender to Henry IV. Mayenne feared with See also:reason the designs of Philip IL, and his difficulties were increased by the See also:death of Charles X., the " king of the league." The extreme See also:section of the party, represented by the Sixteen, urged him to proceed to the election of a Catholic king and to accept the help and the claims of their Spanish See also:allies. But Mayenne,who had not the popular gifts of his brother, the duke of Guise, had no sympathy with the demagogues, and himself inclined to the moderate See also:side of his party, which began to urge reconciliation with Henry IV. He maintained the See also:ancient forms of the constitution against the revolutionary policy of the Sixteen, who during his See also:absence from Paris took the See also:law into their own hands and in See also:November 1J91 executed one of the leaders of the more moderate party, Barnabe See also:Brisson, See also:president of the parlement. He returned to Paris and executed four of the See also:chief malcontents. The See also:power of the Sixteen diminished from that time, but with it the strength of the League.'
Mayenne entered into negotiations with Henry IV. while he was still appearing to consider with Philip II. the succession to the See also:French crown of the Infanta See also:Elizabeth, granddaughter, through her See also:mother Elizabeth of Valois, of Henry II. He demanded that Henry IV. should accomplish his See also:conversion to Catholicism before he was recognized by the leaguers. He also desired the continuation to himself of the high offices which had accumulated in his See also:family and the See also:reservation of their provinces to his relatives among the leaguers. In 1593 he summoned the States General to Paris and placed before them the claims of the Infanta, but they protested against See also:foreign intervention. Mayenne signed a truce at La See also:Villette on the 31st of See also:July 1593. The See also:internal dissensions of the league continued to increase, and the See also:principal chiefs submitted. Mayenne finally made his See also:peace only in See also:October 1595. Henry IV. allowed him the See also:possession of Chalon-sur-See also:Saone, of Seurre and See also:Soissons for three years, made him governor of the Isle of France and paid a large See also:indemnity. Mayenne died at Soissons on the 3rd of October 1611.
A Histoire de la See also:vie et de la mort du duc de Mayenne appeared at Lyons in 1618. See also J. B. H. See also:Capefigue, Hist. de la Reforme, de la ligue et du regne de See also:Henri IV. (8 vols., 1834–1835) and the literature dealing with the house of Guise (q.v.).
End of Article: MAYENNE, CHARLES OF LORRAINE
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